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Neural embedding of frailty in cognitively unimpaired aging and dementia across Latin America
(Wiley, 2026-04)
Joaquin Migeot
;
Olivia Wen
;
Raul Gonzalez‐Gomez
;
Hernan Hernandez
;
David Aguillon
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:title>INTRODUCTION</jats:title> <jats:p>Frailty influences dementia risk and severity. However, its role in differentiating dementia subtypes and associations with brain structural and functional alterations remain understudied, especially in Latin America.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>METHODS</jats:title> <jats:p>Multi‐Partner Consortium to Expand Dementia Research in Latin America data included 3461 participants (cognitively unimpaired [CU], Alzheimer's disease [AD], and frontotemporal lobar degeneration [FTLD]) from Latin America using a frailty index constructed from 32 health‐related variables. XGBoost‐logistic regression models tested group discrimination, and voxel‐based morphometry plus functional connectivity analyses explored neural correlates.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>RESULTS</jats:title> <jats:p>Frailty distinguished CU from AD (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.85) and CU from FTLD (AUC = 0.88) but not AD from FTLD (AUC = 0.59). Higher frailty was linked to widespread gray matter loss, with temporal involvement in CU and stronger frontotemporal effects in dementia, particularly FTLD. Connectivity analyses showed fronto‐temporo‐posterior reductions and increased connectivity across the frailty network.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>DISCUSSION</jats:title> <jats:p>Findings position frailty as a promising marker for identifying AD and FTLD relative to CU individuals, linked with brain health alterations in Latin American populations.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
2
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Benchmarking speech biomarkers of Alzheimer's against cognitive and neural measures
(Wiley, 2026-04)
Ivan Caro
;
Gonzalo Pérez
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Joaquín Valdés Bize
;
Joaquín Ponferrada
;
Franco J. Ferrante
3
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The landscape of dementia research, diagnosis, treatment, and care in Latin America
(Wiley, 2026-03)
Claudia K. Suemoto
;
Nilton Custodio
;
Diego Aguilar
;
José A. Avila‐Funes
;
Sandra Baez
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:label/> <jats:p>Latin America is undergoing rapid population aging alongside a rising burden of dementia. While the region holds substantial potential for dementia risk reduction, challenges remain, such as delayed diagnoses, limited access to specialized care and biomarker testing, persistent stigma, and deep‐rooted structural inequities. To address these gaps and foster regionally informed solutions, the Alzheimer's Association convened the 2025 Alzheimer's Association International Conference (AAIC) Satellite Symposium in Lima, Peru, on May 14–15, in collaboration with the Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI) and the Atlantic Fellows for Equity in Brain Health. The meeting aimed to bring core elements of the global AAIC meeting to regional Latin American settings, recognizing that national and cultural contexts demand tailored approaches to dementia prevention, risk reduction, treatment and care all aimed at promoting brain health in the region. This manuscript synthesizes the symposium's key discussions, scientific advances, and opportunities for collaboration across the region.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
1Scopus© Citations 1
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The exposome of brain aging across 34 countries
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2026-04-03)
Agustina Legaz
;
Sebastian Moguilner
;
Pablo Barttfeld
;
Jhosmary Cuadros Castro
;
Dante Sebastián Galván Rial
Scopus© Citations 7 1
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Blood-based AT(N) biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration in Latin America
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2026-02-13)
Ariel Caviedes
;
Felipe Cabral-Miranda
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Paulina Orellana
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Hernán Hernández
;
Raul Gonzalez-Gomez
2
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Social exposome and brain health outcomes of dementia across Latin America
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-09-11)
Joaquin Migeot
;
Stefanie D. Pina-Escudero
;
Hernan Hernandez
;
Raul Gonzalez-Gomez
;
Agustina Legaz
A multidimensional social exposome (MSE)—the combined lifespan measures of education, food insecurity, financial status, access to healthcare, childhood experiences, and more—may shape dementia risk and brain health over the lifespan, particularly in underserved regions like Latin America. However, the MSE effects on brain health and dementia are unknown. We evaluated 2211 individuals (controls, Alzheimer’s disease, and frontotemporal lobar degeneration) from a non-representative sample across six Latin American countries. Adverse exposomes associate with poorer cognition in healthy aging. In dementia, more complex exposomes correlate with lower cognitive and functional performance, higher neuropsychiatric symptoms, and brain structural and connectivity alterations in frontal-temporal-limbic and cerebellar regions. Food insecurity, financial resources, subjective socioeconomic status, and access to healthcare emerge as critical predictors. Cumulative exposome measures surpass isolated factors in predicting clinical-cognitive profiles. Multiple sensitivity analyses confirm our results. Findings highlight the need for personalized approaches integrating MSE across the lifespan, emphasizing prevention and interventions targeting social disparities.
1
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Qualitative and quantitative educational disparities and brain signatures in healthy aging and dementia across global settings
(Elsevier BV, 2025-04)
Raul Gonzalez-Gomez
;
Josephine Cruzat
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Hernán Hernández
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Joaquín Migeot
;
Agustina Legaz
Scopus© Citations 4 3
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Structural inequality linked to brain volume and network dynamics in aging and dementia across the Americas
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-12-27)
Agustina Legaz
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Florencia Altschuler
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Raul Gonzalez-Gomez
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Hernán Hernández
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Sandra Baez
Scopus© Citations 10 3
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Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States
(2024)
Raul Gonzalez‐Gomez
;
Agustina Legaz
;
Sebastián Moguilner
;
Josephine Cruzat
;
Hernán Hernández
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND</jats:title><jats:p>Education influences brain health and dementia. However, its impact across regions, specifically Latin America (LA) and the United States (US), is unknown.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS</jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1412 participants comprising controls, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) from LA and the US were included. We studied the association of education with brain volume and functional connectivity while controlling for imaging quality and variability, age, sex, total intracranial volume (TIV), and recording type.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS</jats:title><jats:p>Education influenced brain measures, explaining 24%–98% of the geographical differences. The educational disparities between LA and the US were associated with gray matter volume and connectivity variations, especially in LA and AD patients. Education emerged as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DISCUSSION</jats:title><jats:p>The results underscore the impact of education on brain structure and function in LA, highlighting the importance of incorporating educational factors into diagnosing, care, and prevention, and emphasizing the need for global diversity in research.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Highlights</jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type="bullet"> <jats:list-item><jats:p>Lower education was linked to reduced brain volume and connectivity in healthy controls (HCs), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD).</jats:p></jats:list-item> <jats:list-item><jats:p>Latin American cohorts have lower educational levels compared to the those in the United States.</jats:p></jats:list-item> <jats:list-item><jats:p>Educational disparities majorly drive brain health differences between regions.</jats:p></jats:list-item> <jats:list-item><jats:p>Educational differences were significant in both conditions, but more in AD than FTLD.</jats:p></jats:list-item> <jats:list-item><jats:p>Education stands as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.</jats:p></jats:list-item> </jats:list></jats:p></jats:sec>
Scopus© Citations 15 2
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Author Correction: Brain clocks capture diversity and disparities in aging and dementia across geographically diverse populations
(2024)
Sebastian Moguilner
;
Sandra Baez
;
Hernan Hernandez
;
Joaquín Migeot
;
Agustina Legaz
9Scopus© Citations 1

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