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Unravelling the potential relationship between the climate crisis and the health of migrant children in LAC: perceptions from migrant parents and healthcare professionals in Chile
(BMJ, 2024-12)
CARREÑO CALDERON, ALEJANDRA ANGELICA
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Alice Bluckaz
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CABIESES VALDES, BALTICA BEATRIZ
<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is one of the regions most affected by the climate crisis, which is connected to international migration through a complex nexus. During the last years, migratory flows on the continent have increasingly included children and adolescents who are migrating through non-authorised crossing points. The existing literature shows how inequities negatively affect migrant children and the role that healthcare systems can play to mitigate them.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>Based on a qualitative study, the paper aims to analyse the role of the climate crisis on the healthcare needs of migrant children from LAC who are currently living in Chile, from the point of view of parents from five main countries of immigration in Chile and healthcare professionals.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method</jats:title><jats:p>An exploratory study was conducted in Arica, Antofagasta and Santiago. In-depth interviews with 20 migrant parents and 20 healthcare professionals were carried out. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and a thematic analysis was performed.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Three findings emerged from this study: (1) food insecurity affects LAC migrant children in their country of origin and during their migratory trajectories to Chile, (2) natural disasters and environmental degradation in the countries of origin are not the only drivers of migration for LAC families but also prevent returns, even when they remain undocumented and (3) LAC migrant children are exposed to urban pollution and contaminants in informal settlements due to difficulties in accessing formal housing, among others.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>The climate crisis must be integrated into the study of migrant health in LAC, considering the current context of multiple political, health and economic crises in the region. Healthcare professionals and communities play a central role in creating interventions to build sustainable and resilient universal healthcare systems.</jats:p></jats:sec>
Scopus© Citations 1 1
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International migration, food insecurity, and mental health: A scoping review protocol
(2024)
Alice Blukacz
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CABIESES VALDES, BALTICA BEATRIZ
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Catalina Huerta
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Amelia A. Lake
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Jo Smith
<jats:p>Introduction Food insecurity is a global priority that has been found to negatively impact mental health, increasing the risk of mental disorders and severe mental illness. International migrants may face food insecurity throughout their migratory cycle due to a range of risk factors, such as poor transit conditions, precarious employment, financial pressure, discrimination, and lack of availability and access to culturally relevant food, among others. Although there are multiple reviews on migration, food insecurity, and health in general, no scoping review has been conducted on food insecurity among international migrants focusing on mental health. Objective To investigate the available evidence on food insecurity and mental health among international migrants. Methods A search of scientific literature in English, Spanish, French, Italian, and Portuguese published since 2013 will be performed in the Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, APA PsycArticles, Cinahl, and ASSIA databases, including grey literature available in Google Scholar. Two authors will independently review titles, abstracts, and full texts before extracting data from publications complying with the eligibility criteria. Extracted data will be descriptively mapped according to emerging thematic categories. Expected results The review will contribute to identifying what is known about international migration, food insecurity, and mental health, gaps in the literature, opportunities for specific research subtopics, and how food insecurity and mental health can be linked in the existing literature.</jats:p>
6Scopus© Citations 2
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Food insecurity and sociodemographic factors in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic
(2024)
Stephanie Novoa-Sanzana
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José Moya-Osorio
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Yadira Morejón Terán
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Israel Ríos-Castillo
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Luis Miguel Becerra Granados
<sec> <title>Objective.</title> To understand the association of food insecurity with sociodemographic factors in a sample population in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic. </sec> <sec> <title>Methods.</title> This was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in 10 countries in Latin America using an online survey through various digital platforms from October 14, 2020 to February 15, 2021. Statistical analysis of data was performed by applying descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis. </sec> <sec> <title>Results.</title> Of a total of 6 357 surveys, 58.2% of respondents experienced food security, 29.3% were slightly food insecure, 9.2% were moderately food insecure, and 3.3% were severely food insecure. Concerning the association food insecurity and sociodemographic variables, there is a significant association in the variables studied, including area of residence, education level, occupation, number of persons in the household, household with children younger than 10 years of age, and socioeconomic level. </sec> <sec> <title>Conclusions.</title> These findings indicate that sociodemographic factors associated with food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America were rural residence; complete and incomplete basic and secondary schooling; occupation (homemaker, unemployed, and self-employed); low, medium-low, and medium socioeconomic level; household with more than four persons; and household with children younger than 10 years of age. </sec>
1Scopus© Citations 13
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Inseguridad alimentaria y obesidad: una mirada más allá del sedentarismo y malnutrición en la pandemia COVID-19
(2021)
Héctor Fuentes-Barría
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Raúl Aguilera-Eguía
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Catalina González-Wong
Scopus© Citations 1 1
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Inseguridad alimentaria y hábitos alimentarios durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en hogares chilenos
(2021)
Jacqueline Araneda
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PINHEIRO FERNANDES, ANNA CHRISTINA
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Tito Pizarro
Scopus© Citations 8 1
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Cien años de salud en un contexto demográfico, epidemiológico y de políticas públicas: la transición de la morbilidad infantil y sus desafíos
(2022)
Luisa Schonhaut B.
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Ana Zepeda O.
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Paula Rojas B.
<jats:p>Chile se encuentra en una etapa avanzada de la transición demográfica y epidemiológica. Es ese escenario sobrevino la crisis política, económica y sanitaria, con el estallido social el 2019 y luego la pandemia de COVID-19. La mortalidad de niños(as) y adolescentes cayó significativamente, no obstante, los cambios en los estilos de vida y la desmotivación, asociada a largo confinamiento y empeoramiento de la salud de los padres y cuidadores desencadenaron una epidemia de problemas de salud mental, del desarrollo y nutricionales. Los pediatras se tuvieron que reinventar, exponiéndose al distrés y burnout. El objetivo del manuscrito es describir el contexto demográfico, epidemiológico y de políticas públicas de la salud infantil en Chile en el último siglo, como telón de fondo para dimensionar el impacto inmediato de la pandemia de COVID-19. Se discuten los nuevos desafíos en la salud para este grupo etario a mediano y largo plazo. Se exponen algunas teorías, conceptualizaciones e hitos relevantes del sistema de la salud pública en Chile. Se plantea la emergencia de “morbilidad post-pandemia”, como son el sedentarismo, inseguridad alimentaria, adicción a las pantallas, conflictos de identidad, violencia, trastornos en la esfera de la salud mental y reemergencia de morbimortalidad por enfermedades infectocontagiosas. Los profesionales encargados del cuidado de los niños tienen que redoblar sus esfuerzos para otorgar una atención integral, acompañando a las familias en los nuevos desafíos, para rehabilitar una infancia saludable.</jats:p>
8Scopus© Citations 3
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Food insecurity and its determinants in a vulnerable area of Santiago, Chile
(2022)
ANNA CHRISTINA, PINHEIRO FERNANDES
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Daiana Quintiliano-Scarpelli
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Jacqueline Araneda-Flores
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Rogerio Antonio de Oliveira
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Tito Pizarro
<jats:p>This study aims to identify the determinants associated to food insecurity in a group of households composed of schoolchildren and their mothers/caregivers, who lived in a low-to-medium community development index area of the city of Santiago, Chile with a high presence of migrant population. The non-probabilistic and convenience sample was made up of 646 people, who answered a series of surveys with the aim of characterizing this group in sociodemographic terms (sex, age, number of inhabitants in the household, place of food purchase, conditional or non-conditional state transfer program beneficiary status, persons in charge of purchasing food for the household, mothers/caregivers education level and basic knowledge of food and nutrition). To assess moderate-to-severe food insecurity and severe food insecurity, the Food Insecurity Experience Scale-FIES was applied between September and October 2021. Logistic regression analysis were used to carry out multivariate analyses, with the use of stepwise back-and-forward strategies for the selected variables and defining <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05. These models were adjusted per number of inhabitants in the household. The results indicate that 25.4% of households presented moderate-to-severe food insecurity, and 6.4% severe food insecurity experience. The variables that presented significant odds of risk to food insecurity were being a migrant, low maternal education level, low performance on basic knowledge in nutrition and when the father was responsible for food purchases. Several public policies have been implemented in Chile during the most recent decades aimed at increasing access to healthier foods and the implementation of healthier food environments. Despite this, there are still social and economic health determinants that contribute to the risk of odds insecurity for the most vulnerable groups in the country, thus putting at risk the fulfillment of the human right to adequate food at risk.</jats:p>
1Scopus© Citations 4 4

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