Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Isolated From Latin American Children and Adolescents (2008–2023): A Systematic Review
Journal
Helicobacter
ISSN
1083-4389
1523-5378
Date Issued
2024
Author(s)
Camila Cabrera
Joaquín Torres
Carolina A. Serrano
Paulina Gallardo
Vicente Orellana
Sergio George
Miguel O'Ryan
Type
journal-article
Abstract
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Latin America has a high prevalence of <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori</jats:italic> in children that may lead to peptic ulcer disease and eventually gastric cancer in adulthood. Successful eradication is hindered by rising antimicrobial resistance. We summarize <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic> resistance rates in Latin American children from 2008 to 2023.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute checklist to assess risk of bias (PROSPERO CRD42024517108) that included original cross‐sectional observational studies reporting resistance to commonly used antibiotics in Latin American children and adolescents. We searched in PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Of 51 studies, 45 were excluded. The quality of the six analyzed studies (297 <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic>‐positive samples) was satisfactory. Phenotypic methods (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 3) reported higher resistance rates than genotypic studies (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 3). Clarithromycin resistance ranged from 8.0% to 26.7% (6 studies; 297 samples), metronidazole from 1.9% to 40.2% (4 studies; 211 samples), amoxicillin from 0% to 10.4% (3 studies; 158 samples), tetracycline resistance was not detected (3 studies; 158 samples), and levofloxacin resistance was 2.8% (1 study; 36 samples).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>Scarce Latin American studies on <jats:italic>H. pylori</jats:italic> resistance, along with methodological heterogeneity, hinder conclusive findings. Clarithromycin and metronidazole (first‐line drugs) resistance is worrisome, likely impacting lower eradication rates. Urgent systematic surveillance or individual testing before treatment is necessary to enhance eradication.</jats:p></jats:sec>
Cite this document
Cabrera, C., Torres, J., Serrano, C. A., Gallardo, P., Orellana, V., George, S., O’Ryan, M., & Lucero, Y. (2024). Antimicrobial resistance of helicobacter pylori isolated from latin american children and adolescents (2008–2023): A systematic review. Helicobacter, 29(4), e13101. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13101
Subjects
antimicrobial resistance
;
children
;
helicobacter pylori
;
latin america
;
prevalence