Cardiac abnormalities determined by tissue Doppler imaging and arrhythmias in adolescents with anorexia nervosa
Journal
Cardiology in the Young
ISSN
1047-9511
1467-1107
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Vicente Nehgme
Valeria Acevedo
Patricia Alvarez
Type
Resource Types::text::journal::journal article
Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec id="S1047951121001852_as1"><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p>Anorexia nervosa has a prevalence of 0.5–3% in adolescents, placing this population at increased risk of cardiac anomalies including arrhythmias, pericardial effusion, and myocardial dysfunction. Our objective is to describe cardiovascular anomalies observed by tissue Doppler imaging in patients with anorexia nervosa.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="S1047951121001852_as2"><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed electrocardiogram, Holter, and echocardiography findings in 28 patients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="S1047951121001852_as3"><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p>Electrocardiogram was abnormal in 71% of patients with sinus bradycardia observed in 57%. Holter confirmed sinus bradycardia without significant pauses. Prolonged QTc, low voltage, and ectopic beats were each seen in 14% of patients. Wenckebach atrioventricular block was observed in one patient. Supraventricular or ventricular tachycardia was not observed. Echocardiography showed structurally normal heart in all patients. Pericardial effusion was seen in 7.1% of patients and left ventricular mass was decreased in 10.7%. Mean ejection fraction was 0.73 and mean fractional shortening was 38.4%. Tissue Doppler imaging revealed systolic or diastolic dysfunction in four patients with e’, a’, and s’ velocities in the lateral and septal basal segments more than two standard deviations below the mean. Two patients had decreased left ventricular mass but no significant difference in disease duration from the group. Basal segment velocities below one standard deviation were also observed in an additional seven patients.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="S1047951121001852_as4"><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p>A trend for decreased tissue Doppler imaging velocities was seen in 25.0% of patients, while significant systolic and diastolic dysfunction was seen in 14.3% of patients, associated with a significant reduction in left ventricular mass and independent of disease duration.</jats:p></jats:sec>
Subjects
echocardiography
;
doppler
;
anorexia
;
adolescent
;
anorexia nervosa
;
humans
;
retrospective studies
;
systole
;
tachycardia, ventricular
;
ventricular dysfunction, left
;
ventricular function, left
;
adolescent
;
anorexia nervosa
;
article
;
cardiovascular disease
;
clinical article
;
diastolic dysfunction
;
disease association
;
disease duration
;
echocardiography
;
electrocardiogram
;
female
;
fractional shortening
;
heart arrhythmia
;
heart ejection fraction
;
heart left ventricle mass
;
heart ventricle tachycardia
;
holter monitoring
;
human
;
male
;
pericardial effusion
;
qt prolongation
;
retrospective study
;
sinus bradycardia
;
supraventricular tachycardia
;
systolic dysfunction
;
tissue doppler imaging
;
wenckebach period
;
anorexia nervosa
;
complication
;
diagnostic imaging
;
heart left ventricle function
;
heart ventricle tachycardia
;
systole