Discrepancies in infant feeding recommendations between grandmothers and healthcare providers in rural Mexico
Journal
International Breastfeeding Journal
ISSN
1746-4358
Date Issued
2022
Author(s)
Paulina Luna
Nerli Paredes-Ruvalcaba
Tania Valdes
Barbara Guerrero
Angélica García-Martínez
Rafael Pérez Escamilla
Diana Bueno-Gutiérrez
Type
Resource Types::text::journal::journal article
URL Institutional Repository
Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Background</jats:title>
<jats:p>Infant feeding practices are rapidly changing within rural areas in Mexico, including indigenous communities. The aim of this study was to compare infant feeding recommendations between grandmothers and healthcare providers, to better understand the factors that may influence these practices within these communities. This study builds on research that recognizes the legacy of colonization as an ongoing process that impacts the lives of people through many pathways, including the substandard healthcare systems available to them.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>
<jats:p>Qualitative study based on secondary data analysis from interviews and focus groups guided by a socioecological framework conducted in 2018 in two rural, Indigenous communities in Central Mexico. Participants were purposively selected mothers (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 25), grandmothers (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 11), and healthcare providers (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 24) who offered care to children up to two years of age and/or their mothers. Data were coded and thematically analyzed to contrast the different perspectives of infant feeding recommendations and practices between mother, grandmothers, and healthcare providers.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Results</jats:title>
<jats:p>Grandmothers and healthcare providers differed in their beliefs regarding appropriate timing to introduce non-milk foods and duration of breastfeeding. Compared to grandmothers, healthcare providers tended to believe that their recommendations were superior to those from people in the communities and expressed stereotypes reflected in negative attitudes towards mothers who did not follow their recommendations. Grandmothers often passed down advice from previous generations and their own experiences with infant feeding but were also open to learning from healthcare providers through government programs and sharing their knowledge with their daughters and other women. Given the contradictory recommendations from grandmothers and healthcare providers, mothers often were unsure which advice to follow.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
<jats:p>There are important differences between grandmothers and healthcare providers regarding infant feeding recommendations. Healthcare providers may perceive their recommendations as superior given the neocolonial structures of the medical system. Public health policies are needed to address the different recommendations mothers receive from different sources, by harmonizing them and following an evidence-informed approach. Breastfeeding programs need to value and to seek the participation of grandmothers.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:title>Background</jats:title>
<jats:p>Infant feeding practices are rapidly changing within rural areas in Mexico, including indigenous communities. The aim of this study was to compare infant feeding recommendations between grandmothers and healthcare providers, to better understand the factors that may influence these practices within these communities. This study builds on research that recognizes the legacy of colonization as an ongoing process that impacts the lives of people through many pathways, including the substandard healthcare systems available to them.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>
<jats:p>Qualitative study based on secondary data analysis from interviews and focus groups guided by a socioecological framework conducted in 2018 in two rural, Indigenous communities in Central Mexico. Participants were purposively selected mothers (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 25), grandmothers (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 11), and healthcare providers (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 24) who offered care to children up to two years of age and/or their mothers. Data were coded and thematically analyzed to contrast the different perspectives of infant feeding recommendations and practices between mother, grandmothers, and healthcare providers.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Results</jats:title>
<jats:p>Grandmothers and healthcare providers differed in their beliefs regarding appropriate timing to introduce non-milk foods and duration of breastfeeding. Compared to grandmothers, healthcare providers tended to believe that their recommendations were superior to those from people in the communities and expressed stereotypes reflected in negative attitudes towards mothers who did not follow their recommendations. Grandmothers often passed down advice from previous generations and their own experiences with infant feeding but were also open to learning from healthcare providers through government programs and sharing their knowledge with their daughters and other women. Given the contradictory recommendations from grandmothers and healthcare providers, mothers often were unsure which advice to follow.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
<jats:p>There are important differences between grandmothers and healthcare providers regarding infant feeding recommendations. Healthcare providers may perceive their recommendations as superior given the neocolonial structures of the medical system. Public health policies are needed to address the different recommendations mothers receive from different sources, by harmonizing them and following an evidence-informed approach. Breastfeeding programs need to value and to seek the participation of grandmothers.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
Subjects
breastfeeding
;
coloniality of biomedicine
;
indigenous communities
;
qualitative
;
socio-ecological framework
;
breast feeding
;
child
;
female
;
grandparents
;
health personnel
;
humans
;
infant
;
mexico
;
mothers
;
article
;
biomedicine
;
breast feeding
;
child
;
clinical article
;
controlled study
;
data analysis
;
female
;
government
;
grandmother
;
health care personnel
;
health care system
;
human
;
infant feeding
;
interview
;
learning
;
mexico
;
public health
;
qualitative research
;
stereotypy
;
breast feeding
;
grandparent
;
health care personnel
;
infant
;
mexico
;
mother