Project Title
Determinants for tuberculosis infection acquisition in contacts: exploring the role of nasopharyngeal mucosal environment
Partner Organisations
Internal ID
1171570
Principal Investigator
María Elvira Balcells
Type
basic research
Status
TERMINADO
Start Date
April 1, 2017
End Date
March 31, 2021
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    Item type:Publication,
    Reduced microbial diversity of the nasopharyngeal microbiome in household contacts with latent tuberculosis infection
    (2023)
    Cinthya Ruiz-Tagle
    ;
    Juan A. Ugalde
    ;
    Rodrigo Naves
    ;
    ARAOS BRALIC, RAFAEL IGNACIO  
    ;
    Patricia García
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The upper respiratory tract is an obliged pathway for respiratory pathogens and a healthy microbiota may support the host's mucosal immunity preventing infection. We analyzed the nasopharyngeal microbiome in tuberculosis household contacts (HHCs) and its association with latent tuberculosis infection (TBI). A prospective cohort of HHCs was established and latent TBI status was assessed by serial interferon-γ release assay (IGRA). Nasopharyngeal swabs collected at baseline were processed for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The 82 participants included in the analysis were classified as: (a) non-TBI [IGRA negative at baseline and follow-up, no active TB (n = 31)], (b) pre-TBI [IGRA negative at baseline but converted to IGRA positive or developed active TB at follow-up (n = 16)], and (c) TBI [IGRA positive at enrollment (n = 35)]. Predominant phyla were <jats:italic>Actinobacteriota</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Proteobacteria</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Firmicutes</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Bacteroidota</jats:italic>. TBI group had a lower alpha diversity compared to non-TBI (p<jats:sub>adj</jats:sub> = 0.04) and pre-TBI (p<jats:sub>adj</jats:sub> = 0.04). Only TBI and non-TBI had beta diversity differences (p<jats:sub>adj</jats:sub> = 0.035). Core microbiomes’ had unique genera, and genus showed differential abundance among groups. HHCs with established latent TBI showed reduced nasopharyngeal microbial diversity with distinctive taxonomical composition. Whether a pre-existing microbiome feature favors, are a consequence, or protects against <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</jats:italic> needs further investigation.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 3  3