Research Output

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Different Safety Pattern of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (CoronaVac®) According to Age Group in a Pediatric Population from 3 to 17 Years Old, in an Open-Label Study in Chile

2023 , Nicole Le Corre , Katia Abarca , Patricio Astudillo , Marcela Potin , Sofía López , Macarena Goldsack , Vania Valenzuela , SCHILLING REDLICH, ANDREA INGRID , Victoria Gaete , Lilian Rubio , Mario Calvo , Loreto Twele , Marcela González , Daniela Fuentes , Valentina Gutiérrez , Felipe Reyes , Lorena I. Tapia , Rodolfo Villena , Angello Retamal-Díaz , Antonio Cárdenas , Eduardo Alarcón-Bustamante , Xing Meng , Qianqian Xin , José V. González-Aramundiz , María Javiera Álvarez-Figueroa , Pablo A. González , Susan M. Bueno , Jorge A. Soto , Cecilia Perret , Alexis M. Kalergis

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of vaccinating children against SARS-CoV-2 was rapidly established. This study describes the safety of CoronaVac® in children and adolescents between 3- and 17-years-old in a multicenter study in Chile with two vaccine doses in a 4-week interval. For all participants, immediate adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), and AEs of special interest (AESIs) were registered throughout the study. In the safety subgroup, AEs were recorded 28 days after each dose. COVID-19 surveillance was performed throughout the study. A total of 1139 individuals received the first and 1102 the second dose of CoronaVac®; 835 were in the safety subgroup. The first dose showed the highest number of AEs: up to 22.2% of participants reported any local and 17.1% systemic AE. AEs were more frequent in adolescents after the first dose, were transient, and mainly mild. Pain at the inoculation site was the most frequent AE for all ages. Fever was the most frequent systemic AE for 3–5 years old and headache in 6–17 years old. No SAEs or AESIs related to vaccination occurred. Most of the COVID-19 cases were mild and managed as outpatients. CoronaVac® was safe and well tolerated in children and adolescents, with different safety patterns according to age.

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Trabajo y organizaciones en transformación

2022 , CEA GONZALEZ, PABLO ANTONIO

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A Multidimensional Approach to Measuring Quality of Employment (QoE) Deprivation in Six Central American Countries

2021 , CEA GONZALEZ, PABLO ANTONIO , Kirsten Sehnbruch , APABLAZA SALINAS, MAURICIO IVÁN , Rocío Méndez Pineda , Veronica Arriagada

AbstractThis paper proposes a methodology for measuring Quality of Employment (QoE) deprivation from a multidimensional perspective in six Central American countries (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama) using a dataset specifically designed to measure employment conditions. Building on previous work on multidimensional poverty and employment indicators, the paper uses the Alkire/Foster (AF) method to construct a synthetic indicator of the QoE at an individual level. It selects four dimensions that must be considered as essential to QoE deprivation: income, job stability, job security and employment conditions. These dimensions then subdivide into several indicators, a threshold for each indicator and dimension is established before defining an overall cut-off line that allows for the calculation of composite levels of deprivation. The results generated by this indicator show that Central American countries can be divided into three distinct and robust performance groups in terms of their QoE deprivation. Overall, approximately 60% of the deprivation levels are attributable to non-income variables, such as occupational status and job tenure. The methodology used can allow policymakers to identify and focus on the most vulnerable workers in a labour market and highlights the fact that having a formal written contract is no guarantee of good job quality, particularly in the case of women.

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How leader contingent reward behavior impacts employee work engagement and turnover intention: the moderating role of age

2021 , Lyonel Laulié , PAVEZ BARRIO, IGNACIO ANDRÉS , Javier Martínez Echeverría , CEA GONZALEZ, PABLO ANTONIO , Gabriel Briceño Jiménez

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to explore employee age as a moderating factor in the relationship between leader contingent reward behavior (CRB) and work engagement. In doing so, the authors seek to provide a more nuanced understanding of the mediating role of work engagement in the negative effect of leader CRB on turnover intention.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used online surveys among a sample of employees of a retail company in Chile to capture individual perceptions about supervisor CRB, work engagement and turnover intention. To test the authors’ hypotheses, they modeled a first-stage moderated mediation effect using Hayes’ Process macro.FindingsThe authors’ results confirm the hypothesis that the negative effect of leader CRB on employee turnover intention is partially mediated by employee work engagement. Interestingly, age was a significant moderator of the mediation effect only for individuals working at headquarters, but not for employees working in stores.Originality/valueThis study expands current knowledge about how the leadership–engagement relationship can predict organizational outcomes, including age as a boundary condition. Following the job demands-resources theory, the authors also prove that conceptualizing leader CRB as a job resource can benefit the integration of leadership and work engagement research. The authors’ findings may help organizational researchers and practitioners acknowledge contextual differences in understanding the combined effects of leadership styles and work engagement.

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Safety and Non-Inferiority Evaluation of Two Immunization Schedules with an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2022 , Katia Abarca , Carolina Iturriaga , Marcela Urzúa , Nicole Le Corre , Augusto Pineda , Carolina Fernández , Angélica Domínguez , CEA GONZALEZ, PABLO ANTONIO , Susan M. Bueno , Paulina Donato , Pilar Espinoza , Daniela Fuentes , Marcela González , Paula Guzmán , MUÑOZ VENTURELLI, PAULA ANDREA , Carlos M. Pérez , Marcela Potin , Álvaro Rojas , José V. González-Aramundiz , Nicolás M. S. Gálvez , Francisca Aguirre-Boza , Sofía Aljaro , Luis Federico Bátiz , Yessica Campisto , Mariela Cepeda , Aarón Cortés , Sofía López , María Loreto Pérez , SCHILLING REDLICH, ANDREA INGRID , Alexis M. Kalergis

Several vaccines have been developed to control the COVID-19 pandemic. CoronaVac®, an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, has demonstrated safety and immunogenicity, preventing severe COVID-19 cases. We investigate the safety and non-inferiority of two immunization schedules of CoronaVac® in a non-inferiority trial in healthy adults. A total of 2302 healthy adults were enrolled at 8 centers in Chile and randomly assigned to two vaccination schedules, receiving two doses with either 14 or 28 days between each. The primary safety and efficacy endpoints were solicited adverse events (AEs) within 7 days of each dose, and comparing the number of cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection 14 days after the second dose between the schedules, respectively. The most frequent local AE was pain at the injection site, which was less frequent in participants aged ≥60 years. Other local AEs were reported in less than 5% of participants. The most frequent systemic AEs were headache, fatigue, and myalgia. Most AEs were mild and transient. There were no significant differences for local and systemic AEs between schedules. A total of 58 COVID-19 cases were confirmed, and all but 2 of them were mild. No differences were observed in the proportion of COVID-19 cases between schedules. CoronaVac® is safe, especially in ≥60-year-old participants. Both schedules protected against COVID-19 hospitalization.

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Inactivated Vaccine-Induced SARS-CoV-2 Variant-Specific Immunity in Children

2022 , Jorge A. Soto , Felipe Melo-González , Cristián Gutierrez-Vera , Bárbara M. Schultz , Roslye V. Berríos-Rojas , Daniela Rivera-Pérez , Alejandro Piña-Iturbe , Guillermo Hoppe-Elsholz , Luisa F. Duarte , Yaneisi Vázquez , Daniela Moreno-Tapia , Mariana Ríos , Pablo A. Palacios , Richard Garcia-Betancourt , Álvaro Santibañez , Gaspar A. Pacheco , Constanza Mendez , Catalina A. Andrade , Pedro H. Silva , Benjamín Diethelm-Varela , Patricio Astudillo , Mario Calvo , Antonio Cárdenas , Marcela González , Macarena Goldsack , Valentina Gutiérrez , Marcela Potin , SCHILLING REDLICH, ANDREA INGRID , Lorena I. Tapia , Loreto Twele , Rodolfo Villena , Alba Grifoni , Alessandro Sette , Daniela Weiskopf , Rodrigo A. Fasce , Jorge Fernández , Judith Mora , Eugenio Ramírez , Aracelly Gaete-Argel , Mónica L. Acevedo , Fernando Valiente-Echeverría , Ricardo Soto-Rifo , Angello Retamal-Díaz , Nathalia Muñoz-Jofré , Xing Meng , Qianqian Xin , Eduardo Alarcón-Bustamante , José V. González-Aramundiz , Nicole Le Corre , María Javiera Álvarez-Figueroa , CEA GONZALEZ, PABLO ANTONIO , Katia Abarca , Cecilia Perret , Leandro J. Carreño , Susan M. Bueno , Alexis M. Kalergis , Patricio Astudillo Paredes , Epifanía Hernández Jara , Héctor Morán Fernández , Javiera Arenas Urra , Stephani Ascui Baeza , María Olivia Cabrera , José Romero Muñoz , Gonzalo Alarcón Andrade , Rocío Rodríguez Espósito , Anwar Gutiérrez Silva , Fernanda Pérez Gutiérrez , Alma Muñoz Muñoz , Marcela Potin Santander , Sofia López , Tania Weil , Macarena Goldsack , Deidyland Arenas , Javiera Moore , ARAYA CASTRO, PAULINA ANDREA , Lorena Pilicita , Vania Valenzuela , Catalina Campos , Mauricio Soto , SCHILLING REDLICH, ANDREA INGRID , Alberto Trautmann , Ana Fritis , Daniela Pavez , Javiera Arancibia , Lilian Rubio , Paula Viviani , Vinka Basic , Cassandra Cárcamo , Mario Calvo Gil , Marisol Wenzel , Nicole Carey , Roberto Burgos , Loreto Twele , Daniel Beltrán , Silvana Grandón , Carlos Tovar , Marcela González , Daniela Fuentes , Teresa Ramírez , Mariela Cepeda Corrales , Nataly Martínez López , Valentina Gutiérrez , Felipe Reyes , Armando Lavayen , Melissa González , Monserrat Gutiérrez , Noris Rengifo , Carla Ortega , Florencia Saver , Lorena Tapia , Mirta Acuña , Javiera Albornoz , Tania Cariqueo , Alejandro Velásquez , Yennybeth Leiva Chamorro , Rodolfo Villena , Paola Flores , Francisca Bartsch , Belén Sepúlveda , Daniela Garmendia , Antonio Cárdenas , Angello Retamal , Carmen Ludeña , Lorena González , Carolina Hermosilla , Gustavo Keilhold , Francisco Cammarata-Scalisi , Jessica Álvarez , Jessica Romero , Pía Villarroel , Francisca Muñoz , Jorge Maya , Andrés Canales , Margarita K. Lay , Christian Muñoz , Roylester Araya , Kanta Subbarao

This work evaluated the immune response induced by two doses of CoronaVac separated by 4 weeks in healthy children and adolescents in Chile. To date, few studies have described the effects of CoronaVac in the pediatric population.

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Affective Bonding and Organizational Learning

2023 , CEA GONZALEZ, PABLO ANTONIO

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Reducing Stigma Toward People with Serious Mental Illness Through a Virtual Reality Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2023 , RODRIGUEZ RIVAS, MATIAS ENRIQUE , Adolfo J. Cangas , Andrés Martin , Javiera Romo Neira , PÉREZ EWERT, JANET CAROLA , Sara Valdebenito , Laura Cariola , Josefina Onetto , Bárbara Hernández , CERIC GARRIDO, FRANCISCO JOSE , Patrick Corrigan , CEA GONZALEZ, PABLO ANTONIO

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Asymptomatic herpes simplex virus brain infection elicits cellular senescence phenotypes in the central nervous system of mice suffering multiple sclerosis-like disease

2024 , Luisa F. Duarte , Verónica Villalobos , Mónica A. Farías , Ma. Andreina Rangel-Ramírez , Enrique González-Madrid , Areli J. Navarro , Javier Carbone-Schellman , Angélica Domínguez , Alejandra Alvarez , Claudia A. Riedel , Susan M. Bueno , Alexis M. Kalergis , Mónica Cáceres , Pablo A. González

AbstractExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS) in animals that parallels several clinical and molecular traits of multiple sclerosis in humans. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection mainly causes cold sores and eye diseases, yet eventually, it can also reach the CNS, leading to acute encephalitis. Notably, a significant proportion of healthy individuals are likely to have asymptomatic HSV-1 brain infection with chronic brain inflammation due to persistent latent infection in neurons. Because cellular senescence is suggested as a potential factor contributing to the development of various neurodegenerative disorders, including multiple sclerosis, and viral infections may induce a premature senescence state in the CNS, potentially increasing susceptibility to such disorders, here we examine the presence of senescence-related markers in the brains and spinal cords of mice with asymptomatic HSV-1 brain infection, EAE, and both conditions. Across all scenarios, we find a significant increases of senescence biomarkers in the CNS with some differences depending on the analyzed group. Notably, some senescence biomarkers are exclusively observed in mice with the combined conditions. These results indicate that asymptomatic HSV-1 brain infection and EAE associate with a significant expression of senescence biomarkers in the CNS.