HIRMAS ADAUY, MACARENA SOLEDAD
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HIRMAS ADAUY, MACARENA SOLEDAD
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mhirmas@udd.cl
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55970929600

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Compliance with the smoking ban in enclosed, semiopen and open areas of workplaces and public places in Chile

2020 , PERUGA URREA, ARMANDO , Xaviera Molina , DELGADO BECERRA, OROZIMBA IRIS , MATUTE WILLEMSEM, MARIA ISABEL , OLEA NORMANDIN, ANDREA MARIA , HIRMAS ADAUY, MACARENA SOLEDAD , GONZALEZ WIEDMAIER, CLAUDIA MARTA , AGUILERA SANHUEZA, XIMENA PAZ

ObjectiveTo assess the national level of compliance with the Chilean comprehensive smoke-free legislation by observing healthcare facilities, education centres, government offices, hospitality venues and private workplaces, by type of area within workplaces and public places: enclosed, semiopen and open.MethodologyIn this cross-sectional observational study, we studied a national representative sample of 3253 venues obtained through a two-stage cluster sampling design. First, 57 municipalities were randomly selected, proportionally to the total number of venues of interest. Second, within each selected municipality, a maximum of 12 venues of each sector was selected systematically from a list of existing sites. We determined the non-compliance level by estimating the percentage of the visited venues where smoking was observed or suspected in banned areas of the premises.ResultsSmoking or suspicion thereof was not observed in any enclosed area of any establishment. However, smoking violations were observed in semiopen areas ranging from less than 0.5% of schools and healthcare centres to around 10% of hospitality venues or 23.0% of higher education centres. Smoking violations were also observed in outdoor areas of 6.7% and 1.6% of the health centres and schools, respectively.DiscussionThe stark contrast in compliance with the smoking ban between the enclosed areas and the semiopen areas may be a consequence of the complex definition of semiopen areas in the regulations. The study also reflects the need to improve the overall enforcement of the smoke-free law, particularly in universities and hospitality venues.

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Health care access barriers and facilitators: a qualitative systematic review

2013 , HIRMAS ADAUY, MACARENA SOLEDAD

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Barriers and Facilitators in Access to Diabetes, Hypertension, and Dyslipidemia Medicines: A Scoping Review

2022 , CASTILLO LABORDE, CARLA CECILIA , Macarena Hirmas-Adauy , MATUTE WILLEMSEM, MARIA ISABEL , Anita Jasmen , Oscar Urrejola , Xaviera Molina , Camila Awad , Catalina Frey-Moreno , Sofia Pumarino-Lira , Fernando Descalzi-Rojas , Tomás José Ruiz , Barbara Plass

Objective: Identify barriers and facilitators in access to medicines for diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, considering patient, health provider, and health system perspectives.Methods: Scoping review based on Joanna Briggs methodology. The search considered PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Academic Search Ultimate, Web of Science, SciELO Citation Index, and grey literature. Two researchers conducted screening and eligibility phases. Data were thematically analyzed.Results: The review included 219 documents. Diabetes was the most studied condition; most of the evidence comes from patients and the United States. Affordability and availability of medicines were the most reported dimension and specific barrier respectively, both cross-cutting concerns. Among high- and middle-income countries, identified barriers were cost of medicines, accompaniment by professionals, long distances to facilities, and cultural aspects; cost of transportation emerges in low-income settings. Facilitators reported were financial accessibility, trained health workers, medicines closer to communities, and patients’ education.Conclusion: Barriers and facilitators are determined by socioeconomic and cultural conditions, highlighting the role of health systems in regulatory and policy context (assuring financial coverage and free medicines); providers’ role bringing medicines closer; and patients’ health education and disease management.

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Una mirada a la vulnerabilidad social y sus concecuencias en la salud de las personas mayores en chile

2016 , HIRMAS ADAUY, MACARENA SOLEDAD

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Respuesta inmunitaria al SARS-CoV-2 y factores asociados previo a la vacunación, en personal de salud de atención primaria en una comuna de Santiago, Chile

2022 , OLEA NORMANDIN, ANDREA MARIA , Elena Pedroni , HIRMAS ADAUY, MACARENA SOLEDAD , MATUTE WILLEMSEM, MARIA ISABEL , IRURETAGOYENA BRUCE, MIRENTXU INES , MUNITA SEPULVEDA, JOSE MANUEL , GONZALEZ WIEDMAIER, CLAUDIA MARTA , María Inés Gómez , Manuel Nájera

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Seroprevalence and estimation of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in older adults residing in Long-term Care Facilities in Chile

2022 , RUBILAR RAMIREZ, PAOLA , Jorge Browne , MATUTE WILLEMSEM, MARIA ISABEL , HIRMAS ADAUY, MACARENA SOLEDAD , Cedric Little , Gonzalo Ruz , Carlos Ávila , Tania Gutknecht Mackenzie , AGUILERA SANHUEZA, XIMENA PAZ , VIAL CLARO, PABLO AGUSTIN

Introducción Las personas mayores tienen más riesgo de enfermar gravemente y fallecer por COVID-19. Esta vulnerabilidad aumenta en quienes viven en establecimientos de larga estadía, debido a hacinamiento, mayor dependencia física y contacto con los trabajadores. La evidencia sobre el impacto de la pandemia de estos establecimientos en países de medianos y bajos ingresos ha sido escasa. El objetivo es determinar la seroprevalencia de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en personas mayores que residen en establecimientos de larga estadía. Así como estimar el impacto global de la infección después de la primera ola de la pandemia. Métodos Diseño transversal con 2099 residentes en tres regiones de Chile, realizado entre septiembre y noviembre 2020. Anticuerpos fueron medidos con test rápido contra SARS-CoV-2. Se estimó el impacto de la infección con los residentes seropositivos, los residentes con antecedentes de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa de transcripción inversa positiva, y residentes que murieron por COVID-19. Análisis bivariado entre el resultado serológico y región, sexo, edad, antecedentes de COVID-19 y dependencia física fueron realizados. Además, realizamos un análisis de correlación entre la seroprevalencia de los centros por municipio y la tasa acumulada de casos confirmados. Resultados La seroprevalencia de anticuerpos en las tres regiones fue 14,7% (intervalo de confianza del 95%: 13,2 a 16,3%). El impacto real de la infección se estimó en 46,4% y la tasa de letalidad en 19,6%. La seroprevalencia de los residentes de los centros por comuna se correlacionó positiva y significativamente con la frecuencia de la enfermedad a nivel comunal. Conclusiones Seroprevalencia superior a la de la población general, observándose un alto impacto de la infección por COVID-19 al final de la primera ola de la pandemia. El lugar en el que se encuentran los establecimientos está directamente relacionado con la tasa de seroprevalencia en ellos. Sistemas de vigilancia epidemiológica deben aplicarse con prontitud para establecer medidas de prevención y control.

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Barriers and facilitators to antenatal care in adolescents: Results of a qualitative study in Chile

2013 , POFFALD, LUCY , HIRMAS ADAUY, MACARENA SOLEDAD , AGUILERA SANHUEZA, XIMENA PAZ , VEGA, JEANETTE , José María González-arbesú , Gabriel Sanhueza

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Evolución de las licencias por enfermedad grave del niño(a) menor de un año 2004-2008: certezas e interrogantes

2012 , DELGADO BECERRA, OROZIMBA IRIS , Florencia Prieto U , HIRMAS ADAUY, MACARENA SOLEDAD

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Assistive devices for older adults: A longitudinal study of policy effectiveness, Santiago, Chile, 2014–2016

2019 , HIRMAS ADAUY, MACARENA SOLEDAD , OLEA NORMANDIN, ANDREA MARIA , MATUTE WILLEMSEM, MARIA ISABEL , DELGADO BECERRA, OROZIMBA IRIS

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Clinical features and prognostic factors of meningococcal disease: a case series study in Chile during the 2012-2013 outbreak

2015 , MATUTE WILLEMSEM, MARIA ISABEL , OLEA NORMANDIN, ANDREA MARIA , Darío López , Sergio Loayza , Manuel Nájera , GONZALEZ WIEDMAIER, CLAUDIA MARTA , Lucy Poffald , DELGADO BECERRA, OROZIMBA IRIS , HIRMAS ADAUY, MACARENA SOLEDAD , Elena Pedroni , Tania Alfaro , Ana María Gormaz , Gabriel Sanhueza , Jeannette Dabanch , Doris Gallegos , VIAL CLARO, PABLO AGUSTIN , AGUILERA SANHUEZA, XIMENA PAZ

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