COUYOUMDJIAN NETTLE, JUAN PABLO
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COUYOUMDJIAN NETTLE, JUAN PABLO
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jpc@udd.cl
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25627322200

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The lexical divide: propositive modes and non-agentic attitudes define the progressive left in Chile

2024 , RAVEAU MORALES, MARÍA PAZ , COUYOUMDJIAN NETTLE, JUAN PABLO , Claudio Fuentes-Bravo , RODRÍGUEZ SICKERT, CARLOS ANDRÉS , CANDIA VALLEJOS, CRISTIAN ESTEBAN

Internal factors-such as psychological traits or individual attitudes-relate to and explain political cleavages. Yet, little is known about how locus of control, agency, and modal attitudes impact political ideology. Utilizing textual analysis within the context of the Chilean 2015 constituent process, we go beyond traditional survey methods to explore community clusters in “Values” and “Rights” networks built upon the deliberation of 106,000 people. Our findings reveal distinct attitudinal patterns across political orientations: the progressive left generally exhibits a more propositive and non-agentic attitude, the traditional left adopts an evaluative stance towards values, and the right-wing community leans towards a factual attitude but shifts to an evaluative stance when discussing rights. These results underscore the role of psychological constructs in shaping political ideologies and introduce textual analysis as a robust tool for psychological and political inquiry. The study offers a comprehensive understanding of the complexities of political behavior and provides a new lens through which to examine the psychology of political ideology.

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Mauricio Casanova Brito ¿Por qué fracasó nuestro antiguo modelo de desarrollo? Una mirada historiográfica al Chile de mediados del siglo XX Concepción, Editorial Universidad de Concepción, 2021, 120 pp. ISBN: 978-956-227-498-2.

2023 , COUYOUMDJIAN NETTLE, JUAN PABLO

El trabajo de Mauricio Casanova que aquí reseñamos representa una investigación muy interesante que merece ser leída y discutida ampliamente, aunque al parecer ha tenido poca difusión. Este es un estudio breve, pero sólido, que invita a la reflexión. El volumen trata sobre el “modelo CORFO”, sus orígenes, y su impacto en las condiciones de vida de los trabajadores en Chile hasta mediados del siglo XX. En este sentido, su aporte es doble. Por una parte, se presenta una interpretación muy interesante sobre la economía política del modelo de desarrollo implementado en el país desde la década de 1930. Por otra, se propone un nuevo enfoque metodológico para capturar la evolución del bienestar de los trabajadores en el país. Los resultados de este último análisis, que muestran un desempeño mediocre para el período en estudio, dan lugar, una vez más, a una explicación muy sugerente relacionada a lo que el autor denomina las “consecuencias imprevistas” del referido modelo.

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“It's not the what but (also) the how”: characterizing left-wing populism in political texts

2024 , RAVEAU MORALES, MARÍA PAZ , Claudio Fuentes-Bravo , FERNÁNDEZ PLAZA, MIGUEL ÁNGEL , COUYOUMDJIAN NETTLE, JUAN PABLO , DEL SOLAR ZAÑARTU, MARIA JOSE

Despite all the elasticity and even ambiguity surrounding the concept of populism, the existing paradigms converge in the recognition of a populist rhetoric. By using Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools we propose a set of linguistic and discursive markers to identify populist markers in Presidential speeches. The performance of these markers is subsequently tested against the Global Populism Database (GPD). We set-up a multinomial regression model to study the predictive power of these markers on the GPD populist score, focusing on left-wing populist leaders in Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America. We are thus able to characterize (left-wing) populism as a style of communication, as well as to understand what is behind this rhetoric. Our results show that ingroup and emotional content are more present in populist speeches. We also find a positive relation between populism and the use future tense and conditional connectors, which suggest an intention to manipulate the audience. These results have implications both for the current understanding of (left-wing) populist rhetoric and for the conceptualization of populism itself.

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El nacimiento de la banca en América Latina. Finanzas y política en el siglo XIX

2023 , COUYOUMDJIAN NETTLE, JUAN PABLO

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