RIVERA SALAZAR, DIEGO ANDRÉS
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RIVERA SALAZAR, DIEGO ANDRÉS
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diegorivera@udd.cl
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25822747600

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Comparing Methods for the Regionalization of Intensity−Duration−Frequency (IDF) Curve Parameters in Sparsely-Gauged and Ungauged Areas of Central Chile

2023 , Claudia Sangüesa , Roberto Pizarro , Ben Ingram , Alfredo Ibáñez , RIVERA SALAZAR, DIEGO ANDRÉS , Pablo García-Chevesich , Juan Pino , Felipe Pérez , Francisco Balocchi , Francisco Peña

Estimating intensity−duration−frequency (IDF) curves requires local historical information of precipitation intensity. When such information is unavailable, as in areas without rain gauges, it is necessary to consider other methods to estimate curve parameters. In this study, three methods were explored to estimate IDF curves in ungauged areas: Kriging (KG), Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), and Storm Index (SI). To test the viability of these methods, historical data collected from 31 rain gauges distributed in central Chile, 35° S to 38° S, are used. As a result of the reduced number of rain gauges to evaluate the performance of each method, we used LOOCV (Leaving One Out Cross Validation). The results indicate that KG was limited due to the sparse distribution of rain gauges in central Chile. SI (a linear scaling method) showed the smallest prediction error in all of the ungauged locations, and outperformed both KG and IDW. However, the SI method does not provide estimates of uncertainty, as is possible with KG. The simplicity of SI renders it a viable method for extrapolating IDF curves to locations without data in the central zone of Chile.

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An Analysis of the Effects of Large Wildfires on the Hydrology of Three Small Catchments in Central Chile Using Tritium-Based Measurements and Hydrological Metrics

2022 , Francisco Balocchi , RIVERA SALAZAR, DIEGO ANDRÉS , José Luis Arumi , Uwe Morgenstern , Donald A. White , Richard P. Silberstein , Pablo Ramírez de Arellano

Wildfires are an important disturbance affecting catchments’ soil and hydrological processes within. Wildfires are predicted to increase in both frequency and severity under climate change. Here, we present measurements of tritium (3H) in surface water of three streams before and after the ‘las Máquinas’ megafire of January 2017 in central Chile and streamflow metrics. Mean transit times (MTTs) of water were calculated in three coastal catchments with the Mediterranean climate type, covered by native forest, a mixture of native forest and Pinus radiata D. Don, and P. radiata. Lumped parameter models (LPMs) were used to obtain MTTs. Tritium activities from 2012 to 2018 ranged from 0.597 to 0.927 Tritium Units (TU), with the lowest TU activity in 2018. These 3H concentrations indicated water ages from 5 to 30 years. Following the fire, peak flows and baseflow have increased in two catchments but decreased in the third. Even though we have seen changes in the hydrological responses within the three catchments, pre- and post-fire MTT values were not significantly different. Therefore, there is no conclusive evidence of hydrological changes at the groundwater level due to wildfire at this early stage. However, since the MTT ranges from 5 to 30 years, it is likely that more time is required for the changes in the hydrograph to be clearly reflected in the tritium signal even though there are noticeable changes in streamflow metrics such as runoff and baseflow. Within the following years from this study, a sampling schedule to continue to investigate both the long-term drought and the effect of wildfire on these catchments will be maintained.

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Forest hydrology in Chile: Past, present, and future

2023 , Francisco Balocchi , Mauricio Galleguillos , RIVERA SALAZAR, DIEGO ANDRÉS , Alejandra Stehr , Jose Luis Arumi , Roberto Pizarro , Pablo Garcia-Chevesich , Andrés Iroumé , Juan J. Armesto , Pedro Hervé-Fernández , Carlos Oyarzún , Pilar Barría , Christian Little , Gabriel Mancilla , Santiago Yépez , Rolando Rodriguez , Don A. White , Richard P. Silberstein , Daniel G. Neary , Pablo Ramírez de Arellano

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Comparison of Three Daily Rainfall-Runoff Hydrological Models Using Four Evapotranspiration Models in Four Small Forested Watersheds with Different Land Cover in South-Central Chile

2021 , Neftali Flores , Rolando Rodríguez , Santiago Yépez , Victor Osores , Pedro Rau , RIVERA SALAZAR, DIEGO ANDRÉS , Francisco Balocchi

We used the lumped rainfall–runoff hydrologic models Génie Rural à 4, 5, 6 paramètres Journalier (GR4J, GR5J and GR6J) to evaluate the most robust model for simulating discharge on four forested small catchments (<40 ha) in south-central Chile. Different evapotranspiration methods were evaluated: Oudin, Hargreaves–Samani and Priestley–Taylor. Oudin’s model allows the achievement of the highest efficiencies in the flow simulation. The more sensitive parameters for each model were identified through a Generalized Probability Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) model. Our results demonstrate that the three hydrological models were capable of efficiently simulating flow in the four study catchments. However, the GR6J model obtained the most satisfactory results in terms of simulated to measured streamflow closeness. In general, the three models tended to underestimate peak flow, as well as underestimate and overestimate flow events in most of the in situ observations, according to the probability of non-exceedance. We also evaluated the models’ performance in a simulation of summer discharge due to the importance of downstream water supply in the months of greatest scarcity. Again, we found that GR6J obtained the most efficient simulations.

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Corrigendum to “Forest Hydrology in Chile; paste, present, and future” [J. Hydrol. 616 (2023)]

2023 , Francisco Balocchi , Mauricio Galleguillos , RIVERA SALAZAR, DIEGO ANDRÉS , Alejandra Stehr , Jose Luis Arumi , Roberto Pizarro , Pablo Garcia-Chevesich , Andrés Iroumé , Juan J. Armesto , Pedro Hervé-Fernández , Carlos Oyarzún , Pilar Barria , Christian Little , Gabriel Mancilla , Santiago Yépez , Rolando Rodriguez , Don A. White , Richard P. Silberstein , Daniel G. Neary , Pablo Ramírez de Arellano

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