SLACHEVSKY CHONCHOL, ANDREA MARÍA
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SLACHEVSKY CHONCHOL, ANDREA MARÍA
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aslachevsky@med.uchile.cl
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56394322900

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Impact of Social Isolation on People with Dementia and Their Family Caregivers

2021 , Lílian Viana dos Santos Azevedo , Ismael Luis Calandri , SLACHEVSKY CHONCHOL, ANDREA MARÍA , Héctor Gastón Graviotto , Maria Carolina Santos Vieira , Caíssa Bezerra de Andrade , Adriana Peredo Rossetti , Alana Barroso Generoso , Karoline Carvalho Carmona , Ludmilla Aparecida Cardoso Pinto , Marcos Sorbara , Alejandra Pinto , Tania Guajardo , Loreto Olavarria , Daniela Thumala , Lucía Crivelli , Ludmila Vivas , Ricardo Francisco Allegri , Maira Tonidandel Barbosa , Cecilia M. Serrano , Claudia Miranda-Castillo , Paulo Caramelli

Background: People with dementia and their family caregivers may face a great burden through social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be manifested as various behavioral and clinical symptoms. Objective: To investigate the impacts of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with dementia and their family caregivers. Methods: Two semi-structured questionnaires were applied via telephone to family caregivers of people diagnosed with dementia in three cities in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, in order to assess clinical and behavioral changes in people with dementia and in their caregivers. Results: In general, 321 interviews were conducted. A significant decline in memory function has been reported among 53.0%of people with dementia. In addition, 31.2%of individuals with dementia felt sadder and 37.4%had increased anxiety symptoms. These symptoms of anxiety were greater in individuals with mild to moderate dementia, while symptoms of agitation were greater in individuals with severe dementia. Moreover, compulsive-obsessive behavior, hallucinations, increased forgetfulness, altered appetite, and increased difficulty in activities of daily living were reported more frequently among individuals with moderate to severe dementia. Caregivers reported feeling more tired and overwhelmed during this period and these symptoms were also influenced by the severity of dementia. Conclusion: Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic triggered a series of negative behavioral repercussions, both for people with dementia and for their family caregivers in these three South American countries.

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Normalization of Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) in Chilean older people

2023 , Consuelo Sepúlveda-Ibarra , Fernando Henríquez Chaparro , Anthony Marcotti , Guillermo Soto , SLACHEVSKY CHONCHOL, ANDREA MARÍA

ABSTRACT Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) is a cognitive screening that evaluates older people with low educational levels. In Chile, there are no normative data to assess this population. Objective: To obtain normative data on RUDAS in older Chilean people with up to 12 years of schooling, and to determine whether age and schooling years influence a person’s performance on RUDAS and on the items that constitute it. Methods: A group of cognitively healthy people 60 years old or over, with up to 12 schooling years was evaluated (n=135). Multiple regression models were applied to obtain normative data on RUDAS, according to age and schooling years, and to measure the effects of schooling on different items. Results: Regression analysis showed that none of the items had schooling as a significant predictor, except for the visuoconstruction item. The variables age and schooling explained 12.6% (R^2=0.126) of the RUDAS total score variance. The item visuoconstruction was the most associated with the educational level (OR=1,147). Conclusion: This study showed that RUDAS is a recommended instrument for evaluating older people with low educational levels. However, more studies are needed to prove the validity of the RUDAS on Chilean older people.

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Risk factors for loneliness in family caregivers of people with dementia and enduring mental health conditions during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Latin America

2022 , Tomas Leon , Claudia Miranda‐Castillo , Andrea Slachevsky , Thamara Tapia‐Muñoz , Loreto Olavarria , Loreto Castro , Alejandra Pinto , Yaohua Sophie Chen , Iracema Leroi , Brian Lawlor , Claudia Duran‐Aniotz , Emilia Grycuk , Bárbara Costa Beber , Fernando Aguzzoli Peres , Carla Nubia , Pablo Gaitan , Mireya Vilar‐Compte , Roger O'Sullivan

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The power of knowledge about dementia in Latin America across health professionals working on aging

2020 , Agustin Ibanez , Daniel Flichtentrei , Eugenia Hesse , Martin Dottori , Ailin Tomio , Andrea Slachevsky , Cecilia M Serrano , Christian Gonzalez‐Billaut , Nilton Custodio , Claudia Miranda , Julian Bustin , Marcelo Cetckovitch , Fernando Torrente , Loreto Olavarria , Tomas Leon , Barbara Costa Beber , Sonia Bruki , Claudia K. Suemoto , Ricardo Nitrini , Bruce L. Miller , Jennifer S. Yokoyama

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Impact of the Pandemic Time on the Mental Health of People with Dementia and Their Family Caregivers in Brazil and Chile: One-Year Follow-Up

2024 , Loreto Olavarría , Paulo Caramelli , José Lema , Caíssa Bezerra de Andrade , Alejandra Pinto , Lílian Viana dos Santos Azevedo , Daniela Thumala , Maria Carolina Santos Vieira , Adriana Peredo Rossetti , Alana Barroso Generoso , Karoline Carvalho Carmona , Walter Sepúlveda-Loyola , Ludmilla Aparecida Cardoso Pinto , Maira Tonidandel Barbosa , SLACHEVSKY CHONCHOL, ANDREA MARÍA

Background: Previous studies reported the negative impact of social isolation on mental health in people with dementia (PwD) and their caregivers, butlongitudinal studies seem scarcer. Objective: To describe a one-year follow-up impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on PwD and their caregivers in both Brazil and Chile. Methods: This study analyzed the impact of the pandemic on the psychological and physical health of PwD and their family caregivers after one year of follow-up in three outpatient clinics in Brazil (n = 68) and Chile (n = 61). Results: In both countries, PwD reduced their functional capacity after one year of follow-up (p = 0.017 and p = 0.009; respectively) and caregivers reported worse physical and mental health (p = 0.028 and p = 0.039). Only in Chile, caregivers reported more sadness associated with care (p = 0.001), and reduced time sleeping (p = 0.07). Conclusions: In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic appears to have had a long-lasting impact on PwD and their caregivers. However, it is essential to acknowledge that the inherent progression of dementia itself may also influence changes observed over a year.

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Fronto-Subcortical Circuits for Cognition and Motivation: Dissociated Recovery in a Case of Loss of Psychic Self-Activation

2019 , Rodrigo Riveros , Serge Bakchine , Bernard Pillon , Fabrice Poupon , Marcelo Miranda , Andrea Slachevsky

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Allostatic-Interoceptive Overload in Frontotemporal Dementia

2022 , Agustina Birba , Hernando Santamaría-García , Pavel Prado , Josefina Cruzat , Agustín Sainz Ballesteros , Agustina Legaz , Sol Fittipaldi , Claudia Duran-Aniotz , Andrea Slachevsky , Rodrigo Santibañez , Mariano Sigman , Adolfo M. García , Robert Whelan , Sebastián Moguilner , Agustín Ibáñez

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Standardization and diagnostic utility of the Frontal Assessment Battery for healthy people and patients with dementia in the Chilean population

2022 , Fabrissio Grandi , David Martínez-Pernía , Mario Parra , Loreto Olavarria , David Huepe , Patricia Alegria , Álvaro Aliaga , Patricia Lillo , Carolina Delgado , Marcela Tenorio , Ricardo Rosas , Oscar López , James Becker , Andrea Slachevsky

ABSTRACT. The Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) is a screening test that measures executive functions. Although this instrument has been validated in several countries, its diagnostic utility in a Chilean population has not been studied yet. Objectives: This study aimed to (1) adapt FAB in a Chilean population; (2) study the psychometric properties of the FAB in a Chilean population; (3) assess the sociodemographic influence in the performance of the FAB in a sample of healthy controls (HC); and (4) develop normative data for this healthy group. Methods: A HC (n=344) and a group of patients with dementia (n=156) were assessed with the Chilean version of FAB. Results: FAB showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.79) and acceptable validity based on the relationship with other variables. Factor analysis showed the unidimensionality of the instrument. Significant differences were found in the total FAB value between the HC and dementia groups. With the matched sample, the established cutoff point was 13.5, showing a sensitivity of 80.8% and a specificity of 90.4%. Regression analysis showed that education and age significantly predicted FAB performance in the healthy group. Finally, normative data are provided. Conclusions: This study shows that FAB is a useful tool to discriminate between healthy people and people with dementia. However, further studies are needed to explore the capacity of the instrument to characterize the dysexecutive syndrome in people with dementia in the Chilean population.

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Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States

2024 , Raul Gonzalez‐Gomez , Agustina Legaz , Sebastián Moguilner , Josephine Cruzat , Hernán Hernández , Sandra Baez , Rafael Cocchi , Carlos Coronel‐Olivero , Vicente Medel , Enzo Tagliazuchi , Joaquín Migeot , Carolina Ochoa‐Rosales , Marcelo Adrián Maito , Pablo Reyes , Hernando Santamaria Garcia , Maria E. Godoy , Shireen Javandel , Adolfo M. García , Diana L. Matallana , José Alberto Avila‐Funes , María I. Behrens , SLACHEVSKY CHONCHOL, ANDREA MARÍA , Nilton Custodio , Juan F. Cardona , Ignacio L. Brusco , Martín A. Bruno , Ana L. Sosa Ortiz , Stefanie D. Pina‐Escudero , Leonel T. Takada , Elisa de Paula França Resende , Victor Valcour , Katherine L. Possin , Maira Okada de Oliveira , Francisco Lopera , Brian Lawlor , Kun Hu , Bruce Miller , Jennifer S. Yokoyama , Cecilia Gonzalez Campo , Agustin Ibañez

AbstractBACKGROUNDEducation influences brain health and dementia. However, its impact across regions, specifically Latin America (LA) and the United States (US), is unknown.METHODSA total of 1412 participants comprising controls, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) from LA and the US were included. We studied the association of education with brain volume and functional connectivity while controlling for imaging quality and variability, age, sex, total intracranial volume (TIV), and recording type.RESULTSEducation influenced brain measures, explaining 24%–98% of the geographical differences. The educational disparities between LA and the US were associated with gray matter volume and connectivity variations, especially in LA and AD patients. Education emerged as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.DISCUSSIONThe results underscore the impact of education on brain structure and function in LA, highlighting the importance of incorporating educational factors into diagnosing, care, and prevention, and emphasizing the need for global diversity in research.Highlights Lower education was linked to reduced brain volume and connectivity in healthy controls (HCs), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Latin American cohorts have lower educational levels compared to the those in the United States. Educational disparities majorly drive brain health differences between regions. Educational differences were significant in both conditions, but more in AD than FTLD. Education stands as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.

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Aging and Health Policies in Chile: New Agendas for Research

2017 , Daniela Thumala , Brian K. Kennedy , Esteban Calvo , Christian Gonzalez-Billault , Pedro Zitko , Patricia Lillo , Roque Villagra , Agustín Ibáñez , Rodrigo Assar , Maricarmen Andrade , Andrea Slachevsky

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