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    Cognitive assessment in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program: harmonization priorities and strategies in a diverse international sample
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-03-24)
    Kelly Allott
    ;
    Walid Yassin
    ;
    Luis Alameda
    ;
    Tashrif Billah
    ;
    Owen Borders
    Scopus© Citations 5  7
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    Cognitive function at first episode in patients subsequently developing treatment-resistant schizophrenia
    (Elsevier BV, 2025-02)
    Juan M. Aguirre
    ;
    Camila Díaz Dellarossa
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    Daniella Barbagelata
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    Javiera Vásquez
    ;
    Cristián Mena
    Scopus© Citations 1  3
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    Functional Capacity in Activities of Daily Living in the Alzheimer’s Disease Continuum
    (Wiley, 2024-12)
    Fernando Henriquez  
    ;
    Carmen Dominguez
    ;
    Fabrissio Grandi
    ;
    Cecilia Gonzalez Campo
    ;
    Patricio Riquelme Contreras
    The most common and prevalent dementia worldwide is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is a continuum composed of Subjective Cognitive Impairment (SCD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s Disease dementia (ADD) stage. One of the main clinical variables in patients with dementia is performance in functional capacity since its alterations are associated with poor prognosis and disease progression. Functional capacity is measured through activities of daily living (ADL), which are divided into three domains: i) Basic (BADL), ii) Instrumental (IADL), and iii) Advanced (AADL). The study aimed to characterize the performance of the different stages of the AD continuum in the ADL domains and their association with cognitive abilities.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method</jats:title><jats:p>A cross‐sectional study of subjects at different stages of the AD continuum was conducted: Healthy Controls (CTR) (n = 17), SCD (n = 77), MCI (n = 30), and ADD (n = 23), who were matched for age, sex, and education. ADLs were estimated using The Technology‐Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (T‐ADLQ), which assesses the three domains and a total score. T‐ADLQ performance was compared across groups and correlated with cognitive ability instruments (ACE‐III and IFS).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result</jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that patients with ADD performed worse on the BADL, IADL, and total ADLs compared to the other three groups. There were no significant differences between the CTR, SCD, and MCI on the BADL, IADL, and total ADLs. However, the AADL, in addition to differentiating the ADD patients from the other three groups, also showed differences between CTR and MCI subjects and between SCD and MCI subjects (Table 1 and Figure 1). The correlation study showed that AADL correlated significantly with global cognitive and executive function assessment (Figure 2).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>AADL shows progressive functional impairment at different stages of the AD continuum, which is further associated with global cognitive and executive function performances. As one progresses to a more advanced stage of the disease continuum, the performance of ADLs, especially AADLs, worsens, which could indicate a marker of disease progression, allowing for better patient follow‐up.
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    Six-month post-intensive care outcomes during high and low bed occupancy due to the COVID-19 pandemic: A multicenter prospective cohort study
    (2023)
    CASTRO AVILA, ANA CRISTINA  
    ;
    Catalina Merino-Osorio
    ;
    GONZALEZ SEGUEL, FELIPE ANDRES  
    ;
    CAMUS MOLINA, AGUSTIN  
    ;
    Felipe Muñoz-Muñoz
    <jats:sec id="sec001"> <jats:title>Introduction</jats:title> <jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic can be seen as a natural experiment to test how bed occupancy affects post-intensive care unit (ICU) patient’s functional outcomes. To compare by bed occupancy the frequency of mental, physical, and cognitive impairments in patients admitted to ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec002"> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>Prospective cohort of adults mechanically ventilated &gt;48 hours in 19 ICUs from seven Chilean public and private hospitals. Ninety percent of nationwide beds occupied was the cut-off for low versus high bed occupancy. At ICU discharge, 3- and 6-month follow-up, we assessed disability using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Quality of life, mental, physical, and cognitive outcomes were also evaluated following the core outcome set for acute respiratory failure.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec003"> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>We enrolled 252 participants, 103 (41%) during low and 149 (59%) during high bed occupancy. Patients treated during high occupancy were younger (P<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> [P<jats:sub>25</jats:sub>-P<jats:sub>75</jats:sub>]: 55 [44–63] vs 61 [51–71]; p&lt;0.001), more likely to be admitted due to COVID-19 (126 [85%] vs 65 [63%]; p&lt;0.001), and have higher education qualification (94 [63%] vs 48 [47%]; p = 0.03). No differences were found in the frequency of at least one mental, physical or cognitive impairment by bed occupancy at ICU discharge (low vs high: 93% vs 91%; p = 0.6), 3-month (74% vs 63%; p = 0.2) and 6-month (57% vs 57%; p = 0.9) follow-up.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec004"> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>There were no differences in post-ICU outcomes between high and low bed occupancy. Most patients (&gt;90%) had at least one mental, physical or cognitive impairment at ICU discharge, which remained high at 6-month follow-up (57%).</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec005"> <jats:title>Clinical trial registration</jats:title> <jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04979897" xlink:type="simple">NCT04979897</jats:ext-link> (clinicaltrials.gov).</jats:p> </jats:sec>
      3Scopus© Citations 3
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      2Scopus© Citations 2
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    The “when” matters: Evidence from memory markers in the clinical continuum of Alzheimer’s disease.
    (2023)
    Gonzalo Forno
    ;
    Mario A. Parra
    ;
    Daniela Thumala
    ;
    Roque Villagra
    ;
    Mauricio Cerda
      6Scopus© Citations 5
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    Editorial: SLC6A1: the past, present and future
    (2023)
    Katrine M. Johannesen
    ;
    Eduardo Pérez-Palma
    ;
    Guido Rubboli
    Scopus© Citations 2
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    Assessing subjective cognitive decline in older adults attending primary health care centers: what question should be asked?
    (2023)
    Matías Molina-Donoso
    ;
    Teresa Parrao
    ;
    Céline Meillon
    ;
    Daniela Thumala
    ;
    Patricia Lillo
    Scopus© Citations 1  1
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    Asociación entre salud oral y deterioro cognitivo en personas mayores chilenas
    (2023)
    Gabriela Nazar
    ;
    Felipe Díaz-Toro
    ;
    Pablo Roa
    ;
    Fanny Petermann-Rocha
    ;
    Claudia Troncoso-Pantoja
      15Scopus© Citations 2
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    Visual-spatial processing impairment in the occipital-frontal connectivity network at early stages of Alzheimer’s disease
    (2023)
    Iván Plaza-Rosales
    ;
    Enzo Brunetti
    ;
    Rodrigo Montefusco-Siegmund
    ;
    Samuel Madariaga
    ;
    Rodrigo Hafelin
    <jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide, but its pathophysiological phenomena are not fully elucidated. Many neurophysiological markers have been suggested to identify early cognitive impairments of AD. However, the diagnosis of this disease remains a challenge for specialists. In the present cross-sectional study, our objective was to evaluate the manifestations and mechanisms underlying visual-spatial deficits at the early stages of AD.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>We combined behavioral, electroencephalography (EEG), and eye movement recordings during the performance of a spatial navigation task (a virtual version of the Morris Water Maze adapted to humans). Participants (69–88 years old) with amnesic mild cognitive impairment–Clinical Dementia Rating scale (aMCI–CDR 0.5) were selected as probable early AD (eAD) by a neurologist specialized in dementia. All patients included in this study were evaluated at the CDR 0.5 stage but progressed to probable AD during clinical follow-up. An equal number of matching healthy controls (HCs) were evaluated while performing the navigation task. Data were collected at the Department of Neurology of the Clinical Hospital of the Universidad de Chile and the Department of Neuroscience of the Faculty of Universidad de Chile.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Participants with aMCI preceding AD (eAD) showed impaired spatial learning and their visual exploration differed from the control group. eAD group did not clearly prefer regions of interest that could guide solving the task, while controls did. The eAD group showed decreased visual occipital evoked potentials associated with eye fixations, recorded at occipital electrodes. They also showed an alteration of the spatial spread of activity to parietal and frontal regions at the end of the task. The control group presented marked occipital activity in the beta band (15–20 Hz) at early visual processing time. The eAD group showed a reduction in beta band functional connectivity in the prefrontal cortices reflecting poor planning of navigation strategies.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion</jats:title><jats:p>We found that EEG signals combined with visual-spatial navigation analysis, yielded early and specific features that may underlie the basis for understanding the loss of functional connectivity in AD. Still, our results are clinically promising for early diagnosis required to improve quality of life and decrease healthcare costs.</jats:p></jats:sec>
    Scopus© Citations 16  1