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Renal angiomyolipomas: Typical and atypical features on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging
(Baishideng Publishing Group Inc., 2025-02-28)
LABRA WEITZLER, ANDRES ANTONIO
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SCHIAPPACASSE FAUNDES, GIANCARLO
;
Diego Constenla
;
Joaquin Cristi
<jats:p>Angiomyolipomas (AMLs) represent the most common benign solid renal tumors. The frequency of their detection in the general population is increasing owing to advances in imaging technology. The objective of this review is to discuss computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging findings for both typical and atypical renal AMLs, along with their associated complications. AMLs are typically defined as solid triphasic tumors composed of varying amounts of dysmorphic and tortuous blood vessels, smooth muscle components and adipose tissue. In an adult, a classical renal AML appears as a solid, heterogeneous renal cortical mass with macroscopic fat. However, up to 5% of AMLs contain minimal fat and cannot be reliably diagnosed by imaging. Fat-poor AMLs can appear as hyperattenuating masses on unenhanced CT and as hypointense masses on T2WI; other AMLs may be isodense or exhibit cystic components. Hemorrhage is the most common complication, and AMLs with hemorrhage can mimic other tumors, making their diagnosis challenging. Understanding the variable and heterogeneous nature of this neoplasm to correctly classify renal AMLs and to avoid misdiagnosis of other renal lesions is crucial.</jats:p>
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Geographic divergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST5-SCCmecI in the aftermath of a major earthquake and tsunami: impact of a plasmid harboring heavy metal resistance genes
(American Society for Microbiology, 2025-04-09)
Jose R. W. Martínez
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Manuel Alcalde-Rico
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Estefanía Jara-Videla
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Jinnethe Reyes
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Lina P. Carvajal
(MRSA) is a major public health menace. The global spread of MRSA is characterized by successive waves of epidemic clones dominating specific geographical regions. The acquisition of genes encoding resistance to heavy metals (HMRGs) is thought to be a key feature in the geographic divergence of MRSA. However, the cause-effect relationship between the presence of HMRGs and the divergence of MRSA clones remains to be clarified. In this study, we assessed the role that HMRGs may have played in the evolutionary divergence of the MRSA ST5-SCC <jats:italic>mec</jats:italic> I lineage in Latin America. We conducted a genomic characterization of 113 MRSA clinical isolates from six Latin American healthcare centers, including 53 isolates collected from two cities in Chile (Santiago and Concepción). We found a plasmid (pSCL4752) harboring arsenic, cadmium, and mercury resistance genes in 65% ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 71) of the ST5-SCC <jats:italic>mec</jats:italic> I isolates. We also observed a geographic divergence associated with the presence of pSCL4752 in Chilean isolates, with a higher frequency in isolates from Concepción (88%) compared to Santiago (29%). Interestingly, a molecular clock analysis revealed that this divergence occurred in the aftermath of an 8.8 Mw earthquake and tsunami that struck the Concepción area in 2010. Moreover, our results demonstrate that the carriage of pSCL4752 can be beneficial or detrimental for ST5-SCC <jats:italic>mec</jats:italic> I isolates, depending on the environmental availability of these heavy metals. Our results suggest that the divergence of the ST5-SCC <jats:italic>mec</jats:italic> I MRSA lineage in Latin America could have been fostered by environmental disasters and influenced by the presence/absence of HMRGs harbored in a plasmid. </jats:p> <jats:sec> <jats:title>IMPORTANCE</jats:title> <jats:p> Methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</jats:italic> (MRSA) is a major cause of life-threatening infections worldwide and a growing public health concern. The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as MRSA, is often linked to genetic adaptations that enhance their survival. Our research sheds light on how environmental changes, such as those triggered by a natural disaster, can influence the evolution and geographic spread of a highly resistant MRSA lineage in Latin America. We identified a plasmid carrying genes for resistance to arsenic, cadmium, and mercury, which was associated with the geographic divergence of the ST5-SCC <jats:italic>mec</jats:italic> I MRSA lineage, with striking differences in its prevalence between regions affected by a major earthquake and tsunami. By linking environmental events to pathogen evolution, our study highlights the role of ecological pressures in the spread of MRSA. These findings emphasize the need to integrate environmental monitoring into public health strategies to better understand the global challenge of antimicrobial resistance.
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Prevalence, Causal Classification, and Prognosis of Patent Foramen Ovale in Young Patients With Embolic Strokes of Undetermined Source
(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2025-05-06)
Abhilekh Srivastava
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Kate Tsiplova
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Amanda Taylor
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Aleksandra Pikula
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Jennifer Mandzia
1
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Performance of the VITEK® MS system for the identification of filamentous fungi in a microbiological laboratory in Chile
(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2024-12-23)
PORTE TORRE, LORENA ISABEL
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Rodrigo Cruz
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Pérez Villa, Inia
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Carmen Varela
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Cristina Díaz
<jats:p>Filamentous fungi are an emergent cause of severe infections in immunocompromised patients. Timely and accurate identification is crucial to initiate appropriate therapy. Traditional identification methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and operator-dependent. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry is a rapid and easy-to-perform identification method. The effectiveness of a commercial MALDI-TOF MS platform to identify filamentous fungi in a clinical laboratory was evaluated. The study included 67 fungal isolates from 35 species/species complexes, which were identified and confirmed in mycology reference laboratories; 32 derived from clinical samples, 34 from strain collections and one was an ATCC strain. The study used the VITEK<jats:sup>®</jats:sup> MS system (v3.2.0 database), after sample extraction by VITEK<jats:sup>®</jats:sup> MS Mould Kit. Results were classified as “correct species”, “correct species complex”, “correct genus”and “no identification”. VITEK<jats:sup>®</jats:sup> MS correctly identified 91.0% of isolates (58.2% to species, 29.9% to species complex, and 1.5% to genus level only). In 82%, the result matched the species/species complex identified by reference methods. No misidentifications were observed. The kit was rapid and easy to use. In conclusion, the VITEK<jats:sup>®</jats:sup> MS system showed a high capability to accurately identify filamentous fungi in a clinical laboratory.</jats:p>
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Interpretable multimodal classification for age-related macular degeneration diagnosis
(2024)
Carla Vairetti
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Sebastián Maldonado
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Loreto Cuitino
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URZUA SALINAS, CRISTHIAN
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Xu Yanwu
<jats:p>Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is an emerging machine learning field that has been successful in medical image analysis. Interpretable approaches are able to “unbox” the black-box decisions made by AI systems, aiding medical doctors to justify their diagnostics better. In this paper, we analyze the performance of three different XAI strategies for medical image analysis in ophthalmology. We consider a multimodal deep learning model that combines optical coherence tomography (OCT) and infrared reflectance (IR) imaging for the diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The classification model is able to achieve an accuracy of 0.94, performing better than other unimodal alternatives. We analyze the XAI methods in terms of their ability to identify retinal damage and ease of interpretation, concluding that grad-CAM and guided grad-CAM can be combined to have both a coarse visual justification and a fine-grained analysis of the retinal layers. We provide important insights and recommendations for practitioners on how to design automated and explainable screening tests based on the combination of two image sources.</jats:p>
Scopus© Citations 1
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Association Between Disk Position and Degenerative Bone Changes of the Temporomandibular Joints: An Imaging Study in Subjects with TMD
(2011)
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Students perception regarding the replacement of restorations [PercepciC3n de estudiantes respecto al recambio de restauraciones]
(2021)
Roque Arias
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IGNACIA HERRERA
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Cristian Bersezio
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Alain Manuel Chaple Gil
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Eduardo Fernández
1
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In Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, an Incomplete Structural Response to Therapy Is Associated with Significantly Worse Clinical Outcomes Than Only an Incomplete Thyroglobulin Response
(2011)
Fernanda Vaisman
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TALA JURY, HERNAN PABLO
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Ravinder Grewal
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R. Michael Tuttle
Scopus© Citations 113 1
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5,926 hysterectomies: complications described by Clavien–Dindo classification
(2021)
Rodrigo I. Alliende
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Álvaro M. Carrasco
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Marco Levancini
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Elias Kovoor
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GUZMAN ROJAS, RODRIGO ARTURO
Scopus© Citations 15 3
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Parámetros hematológicos y biomarcadores predictores de gravedad en Síndrome Inflamatorio Pediátrico Multisistémico asociado a SARS-CoV-2
(2021)
Patricia Verdugo
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Patricia Álvarez
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Patricia Aroca
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Vicente Enrique Montes-nogales
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POLI HARLOWE, MARIA CECILIA BERTA
<jats:p>El síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico pediátrico asociado a SARS-CoV-2 (MIS-C) se caracteriza por un estado hiperinflamatorio producto de una tormenta de citoquinas, evidenciado en alteraciones del laboratorio hematológico y proteínas de fase aguda.Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas y de laboratorio de pacientes hospitalizados por MIS-C e identificar marcadores predictores de gravedad.Pacientes y Método: Estudio retrospectivo de 32 pacientes. El grupo se dividió en crítico y no crítico según presentación clínica y tipo de terapia utilizada. En ellos se estudiaron aspectos clínicos y de laboratorio que incluyeron hemograma completo, pruebas de coagulación y biomarcadores. Resultados: 18/32 hombres, mediana de edad 6,8 años. Las manifestaciones más frecuentes fueron cardiovasculares (84,3%), digestivas (84%) y mucocutáneas (59%). El grupo de los críticos incluyó 15 pacientes, 12 hombres con mediana de edad de 8,9 años y los no críticos 17 pacientes; 6 hombres, con mediana de edad de 5,4 años. Los parámetros de laboratorio al ingreso en el grupo global mostraron aumento de la proteína C reactiva, dímero-D, leucocitos, neutrófilos, ferritina y fibrinógeno. La albúmina y la natremia en cambio se encontraban disminuidas. El grupo crítico se caracterizó por tener al ingreso: trombocitopenia, hipoalbuminemia, prolongación del tiempo de protrombina y elevación de la ferritina. Al deterioro hubo acentuación de la trombocitopenia, ascenso mayor de la proteína C reactiva junto a elevación de los neutrófilos.Conclusión: El hemograma, la proteína C reactiva y la albuminemia al ingreso resultaron ser de alto valor en la identificación de pacientes con riesgo de agravamiento clínico.</jats:p>
20Scopus© Citations 10

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