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Subject: search.filters.subject.autonomic nervous system

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    Autonomic disturbances in narcolepsy
    (2011)
    Giuseppe Plazzi
    ;
    Keivan Kaveh Moghadam
    ;
    Leonardo Serra Maggi
    ;
    Vincenzo Donadio
    ;
    Roberto Vetrugno
      1Scopus© Citations 74
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    Heart rate and cardiac autonomic responses to concomitant deep breathing, hand grip exercise, and circulatory occlusion in healthy young adult men and women
    (2021)
    David C. Andrade
    ;
    Claudia Melipillan
    ;
    Camilo Toledo
    ;
    Angélica Rios-Gallardo
    ;
    Noah J. Marcus
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Deep breathing (DB) and handgrip (HG) exercise -with and without circulatory occlusion (OC) in muscle-, have been shown to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular function; however, the combination of these maneuvers on heart rate (HR) and cardiac sympathovagal balance have not been previously investigated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of simultaneous DB, HG, and OC maneuvers on the sympathovagal balance in healthy women and men subjects.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods and results</jats:title> <jats:p>Electrocardiogram and ventilation were measured in 20 healthy subjects (Women: n = 10; age = 27 ± 4 years; weight = 67.1 ± 8.4 kg; and height = 1.6 ± 0.1 m. Men: n = 10; age = 27 ± 3 years; weight = 77.5 ± 10.1 kg; and height = 1.7 ± 0.1 m) at baseline and during DB, DB + HG, or DB + HG + OC protocols. Heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate were continuously recorded, and spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) were calculated to indirectly estimate cardiac autonomic function. Men and women showed similar HR responses to DB, DB + HG and DB + HG + OC. Men exhibited a significant HR decrease following DB + HG + OC protocol which was accompanied by an improvement in cardiac autonomic control evidenced by spectral changes in HRV towards parasympathetic predominance (HRV High frequency: 83.95 ± 1.45 vs. 81.87 ± 1.50 n.u., DB + HG + OC vs. baseline; p &lt; 0.05). In women, there was a marked decrease in HR after completion of both DB + HG and DB + HG + OC tests which was accompanied by a significant increase in cardiac vagal tone (HRV High frequency: 85.29 ± 1.19 vs. 77.93 ± 0.92 n.u., DB + HG vs. baseline; p &lt; 0.05). No adverse effects or discomfort were reported by men or women during experimental procedures. Independent of sex, combination of DB, HG, and OC was tolerable and resulted in decreases in resting HR and elevations in cardiac parasympathetic tone.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>These data indicate that combined DB, HG and OC are effective in altering cardiac sympathovagal balance and reducing resting HR in healthy men and women.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
      6Scopus© Citations 3
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    Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension. Lessons From Synucleinopathies
    (2020)
    IDIAQUEZ RIOS, JUAN FRANCISCO  
    ;
    IDIAQUEZ RIOS, JUAN FRANCISCO  
    ;
    Juan Carlos Casar
    ;
    Italo Biaggioni
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Maintenance of upright blood pressure critically depends on the autonomic nervous system and its failure leads to neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (NOH). The most severe cases are seen in neurodegenerative disorders caused by abnormal α-synuclein deposits: multiple system atrophy (MSA), Parkinson’s disease, Lewy body dementia, and pure autonomic failure (PAF). The development of novel treatments for NOH derives from research in these disorders. We provide a brief review of their underlying pathophysiology relevant to understand the rationale behind treatment options for NOH. The goal of treatment is not to normalize blood pressure but rather to improve quality of life and prevent syncope and falls by reducing symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion. Patients not able to recognize NOH symptoms are at a higher risk for falls. The first step in the management of NOH is to educate patients on how to avoid high-risk situations and providers to identify medications that trigger or worsen NOH. Conservative countermeasures, including diet and compression garments, should always precede pharmacologic therapies. Volume expanders (fludrocortisone and desmopressin) should be used with caution. Drugs that enhance residual sympathetic tone (pyridostigmine and atomoxetine) are more effective in patients with mild disease and in MSA patients with spared postganglionic fibers. Norepinephrine replacement therapy (midodrine and droxidopa) is more effective in patients with neurodegeneration of peripheral noradrenergic fibers like PAF. NOH is often associated with other cardiovascular diseases, most notably supine hypertension, and treatment should be adapted to their presence.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 19  1
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      2
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    Evaluation of autonomic function: Standards needed are now available
    (2021)
    Renato J. Verdugo
    ;
    José M. Matamala
      5
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    Evaluación clínica de las Disautonomías
    (2020)
    Juan Idiáquez C
    ;
    IDIAQUEZ RIOS, JUAN FRANCISCO  
    ;
    Eduardo Benarroch
    Scopus© Citations 2  14