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      4Scopus© Citations 13
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      1Scopus© Citations 90  1
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    Scopus© Citations 100  1
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    INFORMAL INVESTORS IN CHILE: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY FROM A GENDER PERSPECTIVE / NEFORMALIŲ INVESTUOTOJŲ (PAGAL LYTĮ) TYRIMAS ČILĖJE
    (2012)
    Gianni Romaní
    ;
    Miguel Atienza
    ;
    AMOROS ESPINOZA, JOSÉ ERNESTO  
    <jats:p>Informal investment represents one of the main sources to finance early-stage new ventures. Despite the progressive participation of women in informal investment, little is known about the characteristics of female informal investors, especially in developing countries. This study examines the gender differences of a sample of 613 informal investors in Chile. To this end we used the database from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Chile 2007–2008 and applied tests of differences in proportions and means for independent samples. The results show that there are significant gender differences in some socio-demographic variables, like education and work status, and also in the perception of good opportunities and the fear to failure. Additionally, women invest smaller amounts and expect lower returns than men do. Finally, women invest more than men in close family. Policy implications of these results are discussed. Santrauka Neformalios investicijos – vienas pagrindinių šaltinių, iš kurių finansuojamos naujai besikuriančios arba tik pradėjusios savo veiklą įmonės. Nepaisant to, kad neformalioje investicijų veikloje palaipsniui daugėja moterų, gana mažai žinoma apie jas kaip neformalias investuotojas, ypač besivystančiose šalyse. Autoriai atliko tyrimą Čilėje, kuriame dalyvavo 613 skirtingų lyčių investuotojų, kurie buvo paimti iš duomenų bazės „Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Chile 2007–2008 m“. Autorių atliktų tyrimų rezultatai rodo, kad vis dėlto kai kuriuose socialiniuose demografiniuose kintamuosiuose esama reikšmingų lyčių skirtumų, pavyzdžiui, išsilavinimas ir užimamos pareigos, perspektyvų darbovietėje suvokimas, karjera ir nesėkmės baimė. Atlikę tyrimą autoriai nustatė, kad moterys labiau linkusios investuoti mažesnes sumas nei vyrai.</jats:p>
      3  1Scopus© Citations 12
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      1Scopus© Citations 92  1
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      1  1Scopus© Citations 72
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      4  1Scopus© Citations 74
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    International entrepreneurial firms in Chile: An exploratory profile
    (2016)
    AMOROS ESPINOZA, JOSÉ ERNESTO  
    ;
    María Soledad Etchebarne
    ;
    Isabel Torres Zapata
    ;
    Christian Felzensztein
      10  1Scopus© Citations 20
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    Scopus© Citations 16  4
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    Regional entrepreneurial ecosystems in Mexico: a comparative analysis
    (2019)
    Allan Oswaldo Villegas Mateos
    ;
    AMOROS ESPINOZA, JOSÉ ERNESTO  
    <jats:sec> <jats:title content-type="abstract-subheading">Purpose</jats:title> <jats:p>The entrepreneurial ecosystem approach tries to understand the mechanisms underlying new business creation and helps develop tools, governmental policies and support systems that enhance the outcomes of entrepreneurship activities. To ensure a better understanding of those mechanisms, this study aims to contrast regional policies in emerging economies that are designed to foster local new business creation and development.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title content-type="abstract-subheading">Design/methodology/approach</jats:title> <jats:p>One of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor’s surveys, the National Experts’ Survey, was applied to a sample of <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 675 key informants in Mexico at ten entities, seven of whom were categorized as non-centrally located. The authors used non-parametric statistics to compare the differences between centrally and non-centrally located experts.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title content-type="abstract-subheading">Findings</jats:title> <jats:p>The main results indicate that non-centrally located experts perceive their regions to be in a worse position than centrally located experts in terms of government policies regulation, post-school education and commercial and physical infrastructure, but surprisingly in a better position regarding financial access, general government policy, government programs, primary and secondary education, R&amp;D transfer, market dynamism and openness and cultural and social norms.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title content-type="abstract-subheading">Practical implications</jats:title> <jats:p>These findings have policy implications for all levels of government in Mexico, which must prioritize the homologation of opportunities for people in both large and small cities.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title content-type="abstract-subheading">Originality/value</jats:title> <jats:p>The replication of a Chilean study contributes to the empirical literature of regional entrepreneurial ecosystems in emerging economies.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
      1Scopus© Citations 28