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    Item type:Publication,
    Proactive Environmental Strategies Adoption by Family Firms in Emerging Economies: The Role of Informality and Environmental Policy Stringency
    (Wiley, 2025-11-04)
    Walter Heredia
    ;
    ;
    Javier Aguilera‐Caracuel
    <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title> <jats:p>Family firms represent a large share of the private sector in emerging economies. A key feature of family firms is that their behavior is driven by factors other than financial, making them more prone to adopt proactive environmental strategies (PES). Our objective is to assess the relationship between the firms' degree of family ownership and PES adoption through the lens of Socio‐Emotional Wealth (SEW), the emotional and non‐economic value family members consider when making decisions. We also investigate the moderating effect of two institutional factors: the perceived level of informal firms' competition and the perceived degree of environmental policy stringency in adopting PES. Our results suggest that family firms are more likely to adopt PES. However, both moderating factors tend to weaken this effect. Our results suggest that for family managers aiming to implement PES, they should consider institutional external factors rather than focus solely on internal drivers. Policymakers, meanwhile, should recognize that environmental stringency alone is insufficient for family firms to achieve sustainable production. As an alternative, these regulations may be accompanied by enforcement, monitoring, and support measures.</jats:p>
      3Scopus© Citations 1
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    The effect of competition from informal firms on proactive environmental strategies in emerging economies
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Drawing on the Attention Base View (ABV) theory, this paper examines the adoption of Proactive Environmental Strategies (PES) by formal firms in emerging economies and explores the influence of informal competition. We investigate the moderating effects of contextual factors (number of formal competitors) and firm characteristics (CEO's experience). Using data from the 2019 World Bank Enterprise Survey, we apply a Negative Binomial model to a sample of 7,436 manufacturing firms across 25 emerging economies. Unlike previous evidence, our findings suggest that formal firms facing competition from informal counterparts tend to adopt PES to bolster competitiveness. However, the perception of high formal competition and the CEO's industry experience may reduce PES adoption. This study advances our understanding of PES adoption in emerging economies, emphasizing the significance of informal competition. It also increases the evidence of the ABV approach to environmental strategy research, offering insights for managing environmental challenges in emerging markets.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 5  3
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    Effect of corruption and crime on growth-oriented informal firms
    (2023)
    Walter Heredia
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    ;
    Jorge Heredia
    ;
    Cristian Geldes
    ;
    Alejandro Flores
    Scopus© Citations 4  4
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    Item type:Publication,
    A Configuration Approach to Reduce the Risk of COVID-19 Employees Infection in the Manufacturing Firms: The Role of Machine Automatization
    (2022)
    Jorge Heredia
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    Cristian Geldes
    ;
    Alejandro Flores
    ;
    Walter Heredia
    ;
    Felix M Carbajal Gamarra
      14Scopus© Citations 1
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    Item type:Publication,
    How do digital capabilities affect firm performance? The mediating role of technological capabilities in the “new normal”
    (2022)
    Jorge Heredia
    ;
    Mauricio Castillo-Vergara
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    Cristian Geldes
    ;
    Felix M. Carbajal Gamarra
    ;
    Alejandro Flores
      8Scopus© Citations 240
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    Item type:Publication,
    New Strategies to Explain Organizational Resilience on the Firms: A Cross-Countries Configurations Approach
    (2022)
    Jorge Heredia
    ;
    Cathy Rubiños
    ;
    William Vega
    ;
    Walter Heredia
    ;
    Alejandro Flores
    Organizations need to develop their resilience to foster future success to survive complex environments. This research conducts a comparative analysis to understand firms’ strategies in a “black swan” event. We use the “strategy tripod” to operationalize resilience theory and explain the configurations or pathways that lead to high organizational resilience in a crisis context. The data correspond to 1936 firms drawn from the “Enterprise Survey 2020 for Innovation and Entrepreneurship in China (ESIEC)”, and to 66 Central American firms drawn from the “World Bank 2020 Enterprise Surveys” are also analyzed. The methodological approach fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) is applied. We discuss and analyze the strategies of companies in this “new normal”; our results establish that in the case of emerging economies, organizational innovation seems to be a necessary condition for becoming an organizational resilience to a black swan crisis (finding from both cases). We also found that labor flexibility and emotional intelligence for the case of firms from China, and adequate control of the turbulence environment for the cases of Central America, were also necessary conditions for each region. We further argue that digitalization depends on access to government support for its success. China reinforces its strategies in an intensification of human resources flexibility. In addition, they are better prepared for the “black swan” crisis, allowing them to adapt quickly and generate business model innovation to mitigate the effects of the pandemic in this “new normal.” In contrast, Central America needs rapid organization for organizational resilience.
    Scopus© Citations 43  1