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Natural language processing analysis of the psychosocial stressors of mental health disorders during the pandemic
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023-10-05)
RAVEAU MORALES, MARÍA PAZ
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Julián I. Goñi
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José F. Rodríguez
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Isidora Paiva-Mack
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Fernanda Barriga
Abstract Over the past few years, the COVID-19 pandemic has exerted various impacts on the world, notably concerning mental health. Nevertheless, the precise influence of psychosocial stressors on this mental health crisis remains largely unexplored. In this study, we employ natural language processing to examine chat text from a mental health helpline. The data was obtained from a chat helpline called <jats:italic>Safe Hour</jats:italic> from the “It Gets Better” project in Chile. This dataset encompass 10,986 conversations between trained professional volunteers from the foundation and platform users from 2018 to 2020. Our analysis shows a significant increase in conversations covering issues of self-image and interpersonal relations, as well as a decrease in performance themes. Also, we observe that conversations involving themes like self-image and emotional crisis played a role in explaining both suicidal behavior and depressive symptoms. However, anxious symptoms can only be explained by emotional crisis themes. These findings shed light on the intricate connections between psychosocial stressors and various mental health aspects in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Scopus© Citations 5 2
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Postadmixture Selection on Chileans Targets Haplotype Involved in Pigmentation, Thermogenesis and Immune Defense against Pathogens
(2020)
Lucas Vicuña
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Olga Klimenkova
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Tomás Norambuena
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Felipe I Martinez
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FERNANDEZ ARANCIBIA, MARIO
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Detection of positive selection signatures in populations around the world is helping to uncover recent human evolutionary history as well as the genetic basis of diseases. Most human evolutionary genomic studies have been performed in European, African, and Asian populations. However, populations with Native American ancestry have been largely underrepresented. Here, we used a genome-wide local ancestry enrichment approach complemented with neutral simulations to identify postadmixture adaptations underwent by admixed Chileans through gene flow from Europeans into local Native Americans. The top significant hits (P = 2.4×10−7) are variants in a region on chromosome 12 comprising multiple regulatory elements. This region includes rs12821256, which regulates the expression of KITLG, a well-known gene involved in lighter hair and skin pigmentation in Europeans as well as in thermogenesis. Another variant from that region is associated with the long noncoding RNA RP11-13A1.1, which has been specifically involved in the innate immune response against infectious pathogens. Our results suggest that these genes were relevant for adaptation in Chileans following the Columbian exchange.</jats:p>
8 1Scopus© Citations 9
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Screening of COVID-19 cases through a Bayesian network symptoms model and psychophysical olfactory test
(2021)
Susana Eyheramendy
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Pedro A. Saa
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Eduardo A. Undurraga
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Carlos Valencia
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Carolina López
20Scopus© Citations 2
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Genetic structure characterization of Chileans reflects historical immigration patterns
(2015)
Susana Eyheramendy
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Felipe I. Martinez
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Federico Manevy
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VIAL COX, MARIA CECILIA
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REPETTO LISBOA, MARIA GABRIELA
9Scopus© Citations 109
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Adaptation to Extreme Environments in an Admixed Human Population from the Atacama Desert
(2019)
Lucas Vicuña
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FERNANDEZ ARANCIBIA, MARIO
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VIAL COX, MARIA CECILIA
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Patricio Valdebenito
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Eduardo Chaparro
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Inorganic arsenic (As) is a toxic xenobiotic and carcinogen associated with severe health conditions. The urban population from the Atacama Desert in northern Chile was exposed to extremely high As levels (up to 600 µg/l) in drinking water between 1958 and 1971, leading to increased incidence of urinary bladder cancer (BC), skin cancer, kidney cancer, and coronary thrombosis decades later. Besides, the Andean Native-American ancestors of the Atacama population were previously exposed for millennia to elevated As levels in water (∼120 µg/l) for at least 5,000 years, suggesting adaptation to this selective pressure. Here, we performed two genome-wide selection tests—PBSn1 and an ancestry-enrichment test—in an admixed population from Atacama, to identify adaptation signatures to As exposure acquired before and after admixture with Europeans, respectively. The top second variant selected by PBSn1 was associated with LCE4A-C1orf68, a gene that may be involved in the immune barrier of the epithelium during BC. We performed association tests between the top PBSn1 hits and BC occurrence in our population. The strongest association (P = 0.012) was achieved by the LCE4A-C1orf68 variant. The ancestry-enrichment test detected highly significant signals (P = 1.3 × 10−9) mapping MAK16, a gene with important roles in ribosome biogenesis during the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the genetic factors involved in adaptation to the pathophysiological consequences of As exposure.</jats:p>
Scopus© Citations 15 1

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