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      1Scopus© Citations 3
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    Vancomycin presoaking of hamstring autografts to prevent infection in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a narrative review
    <jats:p> Hamstring autograft use has been linked to an increased risk of infection after anterior cruciate (ACL) reconstruction compared to other grafts. The absolute reason for this remains unclear, with contamination after harvesting and preparation of the graft being the most accepted hypothesis. Using the rationale that a contaminated graft could be the main factor in postoperative septic arthritis and in an effort to maximize the antibiotic efficacy of the graft, the Vancomycin presoaking technique was developed. It has shown success in decreasing the infection rate in ACL reconstruction. In recent years, an important number of research articles using this protocol have appeared, but the technique is still not widely implemented. Recent literature shows that Vancomycin presoaking of the graft has shown a successful decrease in the infection rate after hamstring autograft ACL reconstruction. It has also shown efficacy decreasing the infection rate in other types of grafts (patellar tendon, quadriceps tendon, allograft) and also in patients with concomitant ligament procedures or open surgeries. Despite the positive effects of Vancomycin presoaking reducing the infection rate after ACL reconstruction, the lack of prospective randomized control trials and the heterogeneity of the different studies mean it is not feasible to recommend Vancomycin presoaking of the graft universally for every ACL reconstruction patient. </jats:p><jats:p> Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:211-216. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200059 </jats:p>
      1Scopus© Citations 7
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    Posterolateral corner knee injuries: a narrative review
    (2021) ; ;
    Sven Putnis
    ;
    Rodrigo Guiloff
    ;
    Patricio Caro
    <jats:p>Limited knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics of the posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee, coupled with poor patient outcomes with non-operative management, resulted in the PLC often being labelled as the ‘dark side’ of the knee. In the last two decades, extensive research has resulted in a better understanding of the anatomy and function of the PLC, and has led to the development of anatomic reconstructions that have resulted in improved patient outcomes. Despite considerable attention in the clinical orthopaedic literature (nearly 400 articles published in the last decade), a standardized algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of the PLC is still lacking, and much controversy remains. Considering the literature review, there is not a reconstruction technique that clearly prevails over the others. As anatomic, biomechanical, and clinical knowledge of PLC injuries continues to progress, finding the balance between re-creating native anatomy and safely performing PLC reconstruction provides a big challenge. Treatment decisions should be made on a case-by-case basis.</jats:p><jats:p>Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:676-685. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200096</jats:p>
      16Scopus© Citations 23
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    Graft choice in combined anterior cruciate ligament and medial collateral ligament reconstruction
    (2020) ;
    David Figueroa
    ;
    ;
    Alex Vaisman
    ;
    João Espregueira-Mendes
    <jats:p> There is a concern regarding which grafts should be used in combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) reconstructions, with a paucity of recommendations focused on this specific topic. Expert opinions suggest the use of allograft-only reconstructions to limit donor-site morbidity or using at least one allograft and one autograft. When a hamstring tendon autograft is harvested, techniques that maintain both the integrity of the sartorius fascia and the gracilis are recommended because of the role that the ST-G-S (semitendinosus-gracilis-sartorius) complex plays in valgus stability in the setting of an MCL-deficient knee. </jats:p><jats:p> Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:221-225. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190049 </jats:p>
      2Scopus© Citations 10
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    Meniscus allograft transplantation: indications, techniques and outcomes
    <jats:p> New indications for meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) are being added, but the general expert opinion is that it is still a procedure reserved for symptomatic meniscal loss. Lateral MAT has better clinical outcomes and less failure risk compared to medial MAT. Ideal conditions (low-grade chondral lesions) make MAT a more survivable and successful procedure. Meniscal extrusion after MAT is common and does not seem to alter results. Midterm survivorship of a MAT is reported to be 85–90%, while long-term survivorship decreases to 50–70% depending on chondral status and concomitant procedures. Even if the procedure is a success, there are high possibilities of not being able to resume sports activities. </jats:p><jats:p> Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:115-120. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180052 </jats:p>
      2Scopus© Citations 55
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    Return to sport soccer after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: ISAKOS consensus
    (2022) ;
    Guillermo Arce
    ;
    João Espregueira-Mendes
    ;
    Rodrigo Maestu
    ;
    Manuel Mosquera
      18Scopus© Citations 23