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    Breaking the South-South FTA Mould: Why China ‘Went OECD’ with New Zealand?
    (2018)
    Fernando M. Schmidt Hernandez
    <jats:p> China and New Zealand were able to sign a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) in 2008, in spite of the large differences in standards under which they were respectively negotiating trade agreements in the international arena. This article starts with a descriptive analysis of these differences between each country’s standards in terms of FTA quality. With the description of these standards, which seem to stand on opposite sides of a continuum, we examine why China and New Zealand decided to forego the standards under which they had negotiated previous agreements in order to find a middle ground. This process of convergence showcases how the interests of both parties moved them towards the adoption of a middle ground which enabled them to negotiate a win-win agreement. </jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 2
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      2Scopus© Citations 11
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    Viewing Target Distance Influences the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Gain when Assessed Using the Video Head Impulse Test
    (2019)
    CASTRO ABARCA, PATRICIA BERNARDITA  
    ;
    Sara Sena Esteves
    ;
    Florencia Lerchundi
    ;
    David Buckwell
    ;
    Michael A. Gresty
    <jats:p>Gaze stabilization during head movements is provided by the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). Clinical assessment of this reflex is performed using the video Head Impulse Test (vHIT). To date, the influence of different fixation distances on VOR gain using the vHIT has not been explored. We assessed the effect of target proximity on the horizontal VOR using the vHIT. Firstly, we assessed the VOR gain in 18 healthy subjects with 5 viewing target distances (150, 40, 30, 20, and 10 cm). The gain increased significantly as the viewing target distance decreased. A second experiment on 10 subjects was performed in darkness whilst the subjects were imagining targets at different distances. There were significant inverse relationships between gain and distance for both the real and the imaginary targets. There was a statistically significant difference between light and dark gains for the 20- and 40-cm distances, but not for the 150-cm distance. Theoretical VOR gains for different target distances were calculated and compared with those found in light and darkness. The increase in gain observed for near targets was lower than predicted by geometrical calculations, implying a physiological ceiling effect on the VOR. The VOR gain in the dark, as assessed with the vHIT, demonstrates an enhancement associated with a reduced target distance.</jats:p>
      30Scopus© Citations 15