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    Microbial Community and Enzyme Activity of Forest Plantation, Natural Forests, and Agricultural Land in Chilean Coastal Cordillera Soils
    (2023)
    Yessica Rivas
    ;
    Humberto Aponte
    ;
    RIVERA SALAZAR, DIEGO ANDRÉS  
    ;
    Francisco Matus
    ;
    Oscar Martínez
    <jats:p>Despite the global expansion of forest plantations in Chile, their effect on biology properties of soil has still been only scarcely studied. Land use change in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera (36° to 40° S) is mainly attributed to the conversion of native forest to agriculture and forest plantations (Eucalyptus globulus and Pinus radiata de Don). The aim of this paper was to evaluate the changes in microbial composition (PCR-DGGE) and enzyme activity after the substitution of a native forest (e.g., Nothofagus spp.) by fast-growing exotic species and cropping. The most important factors that influence the abundance and diversity of bacteria and the fungi community were the soil organic matter (SOM) content, phosphorous (P-Olsen), calcium (Ca), boron (B), and water-holding capacity. These variables can better predict the microbial community composition and its enzymatic activity in the surface Ah horizon. Land use change also affected chemical soil properties of biogeochemical cycles. However, to deeply understand the connection between chemical and physical soil factors and microbial community composition, more research is needed. On the other hand, the expansion of forest plantations in Chile should be subject to legislation aimed to protect the biological legacy as a strategy for forest productivity as well as the soil microbial biodiversity.</jats:p>
      2Scopus© Citations 5
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    Diversifying Chile’s climate action away from industrial plantations
    (2021)
    Jorge Hoyos-Santillan
    ;
    Alejandro Miranda
    ;
    Antonio Lara
    ;
    Armando Sepulveda-Jauregui
    ;
    Carlos Zamorano-Elgueta
    Scopus© Citations 18  5
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    A Business Case for Marine Protected Areas: Economic Valuation of the Reef Attributes of Cozumel Island
    (2021)
    José Alberto Lara-Pulido
    ;
    Ángela Mojica
    ;
    Aaron Bruner
    ;
    Alejandro Guevara-Sanginés
    ;
    Cecilia Simon
    <jats:p>Tourism to Cozumel Island generates USD 762 million annually in local economic activity, and 111 visitors stay in local hotels for each inhabitant. The island’s coast is its principal attraction, yet water quality and reef health are threatened. This paper studies the link between the local economy and management of Arrecifes de Cozumel National Park, using a choice experiment to assess the economic value visitors assign to underwater visibility, biodiversity, and visitor congestion in reef areas. We found that, on average, tourists are willing to pay USD 190 per visit to avoid a projected decrease in biodiversity, USD 120 per visit to prevent a projected decline in visibility, and USD 98 to avoid high congestion during reef visits. We find high heterogeneity in willingness to pay estimates, which may be useful for targeting both conservation and marketing efforts. On the other hand, increasing the reef access fee from USD 2 to USD 6 could fully fund effective protected area management, with no substantial effect on visitors’ consumer surplus. Results suggest that a conservation surcharge could be added to all tours, with little impact on visitation, and that significantly increasing private sector collaboration and government spending on conservation would be good economic choices.</jats:p>
      5Scopus© Citations 17
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    History, control, epidemiology, ecology, and economy of the invasion of European rabbits in Chile: a comparison with Australia
    (2022)
    Jennifer Paola Correa-Cuadros
    ;
    Gabriela Flores-Benner
    ;
    Manuel Andrés Muñoz-Rodríguez
    ;
    Cristóbal Briceño
    ;
    Miguel Díaz
    Scopus© Citations 10  1
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    Chigger Mites (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) of Chiloé Island, Chile, With Descriptions of Two New Species and New Data on the Genus<i>Herpetacarus</i>
    (2020)
    María Carolina Silva-de la Fuente
    ;
    Alexandr A Stekolnikov
    ;
    WEITZEL, THOMAS  
    ;
    Esperanza Beltrami
    ;
    Constanza Martínez-Valdebenito
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Three species of chigger mites are recorded in our collections from four species of cricetid rodents on Chiloé Island (southern Chile, Los Lagos Region), an area endemic to scrub typhus (Orientia sp.). Two species are described as new—Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) eloisae sp. nov. and Quadraseta chiloensis sp. nov. One species, Paratrombicula goffiStekolnikov and González-Acuña 2012, is for the first time recorded on a mammal host (one species of cricetid rodent), and its distribution is extended to the Los Lagos Region of Chile. The genus ProschoengastiaVercammen-Grandjean, 1967 is synonymized with the subgenus Herpetacarus (Abonnencia)Vercammen-Grandjean, 1960, and four new combinations are established: Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) herniosa (Brennan and Jones, 1961), comb. nov., Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) insolita (Brennan and Jones, 1961), comb. nov., Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) macrochaeta (Brennan and Jones, 1961), comb. nov., and Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) antarctica (Stekolnikov and Gonzalez-Acuña, 2015), comb. nov.</jats:p>
      1Scopus© Citations 18  1
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    Uniting the global gastroenterology community to meet the challenge of climate change and non-recyclable waste
    (2021)
    Desmond Leddin
    ;
    M Bishr Omary
    ;
    Andrew Veitch
    ;
    Geoffrey Metz
    ;
    Naima Amrani
      19Scopus© Citations 22
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    Uniting the Global Gastroenterology Community to Meet the Challenge of Climate Change and Non-Recyclable Waste
    (2021)
    Desmond Leddin
    ;
    M. Bishr Omary
    ;
    Andrew Veitch
    ;
    Geoffrey Metz
    ;
    Naima Amrani
      29Scopus© Citations 20
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    Scopus© Citations 17  1
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    A global metagenomic map of urban microbiomes and antimicrobial resistance
    (2021)
    David Danko
    ;
    Daniela Bezdan
    ;
    Evan E. Afshin
    ;
    Sofia Ahsanuddin
    ;
    Chandrima Bhattacharya
    Scopus© Citations 292  6
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    Facing the blue Anthropocene in Patagonia by empowering indigenous peoples’ action networks
    (2023)
    Francisco Araos
    ;
    HIDALGO GARRIDO, CARLOS ANDRÉS  
    ;
    Francisco Brañas
    ;
    Jeremy Anbleyth-Evans
    ;
    Florencia Diestre
      16Scopus© Citations 6