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    Scopus© Citations 3  8
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    “HLA-C: evolution, epigenetics, and pathological implications in the major histocompatibility complex”
    (2023)
    Erick Velastegui
    ;
    Edwin Vera
    ;
    Wim Vanden Berghe
    ;
    Mindy S. Muñoz
    ;
    Andrea Orellana-Manzano
    <jats:p>HLA-C, a gene located within the major histocompatibility complex, has emerged as a prominent target in biomedical research due to its involvement in various diseases, including cancer and autoimmune disorders; even though its recent addition to the MHC, the interaction between HLA-C and KIR is crucial for immune responses, particularly in viral infections. This review provides an overview of the structure, origin, function, and pathological implications of HLA-C in the major histocompatibility complex. In the last decade, we systematically reviewed original publications from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Our findings reveal that genetic variations in HLA-C can determine susceptibility or resistance to certain diseases. However, the first four exons of HLA-C are particularly susceptible to epigenetic modifications, which can lead to gene silencing and alterations in immune function. These alterations can manifest in diseases such as alopecia areata and psoriasis and can also impact susceptibility to cancer and the effectiveness of cancer treatments. By comprehending the intricate interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors that regulate HLA-C expression, researchers may develop novel strategies for preventing and treating diseases associated with HLA-C dysregulation.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 18  1
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      1Scopus© Citations 1  1
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    Frequency of the Types of Alopecia at Twenty-Two Specialist Hair Clinics: A Multicenter Study
    (2019)
    Sergio Vañó-Galván
    ;
    David Saceda-Corralo
    ;
    Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
    ;
    Jose Cucchía
    ;
    Ncoza C. Dlova
    <jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; The frequency of different types of alopecia is not clearly reported in recent studies. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; To analyze the frequency of the types of alopecia in patients consulting at specialist hair clinics (SHC) and to assess for global variations. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Multicenter retrospective study including data from patients evaluated at referral SHC in Europe, America, Africa and Australia. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; A total of 2,835 patients (72.7% females and 27.3% males) with 3,133 diagnoses of alopecia were included (73% were non-cicatricial and 27% were cicatricial alopecias). In all, 57 different types of alopecia were characterized. The most frequent type was androgenetic alopecia (AGA) (37.7%), followed by alopecia areata (AA) (18.2%), telogen effluvium (TE) (11.3%), frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) (10.8%), lichen planopilaris (LPP) (7.6%), folliculitis decalvans (FD) (2.8%), discoid lupus (1.9%) and fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution (FAPD) (1.8%). There was a male predominance in patients with acne keloidalis nuchae, dissecting cellulitis and FD, and female predominance in traction alopecia, central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia, FFA, TE, FAPD and LPP. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; AGA followed by AA and TE were the most frequent cause of non-cicatricial alopecia, while FFA was the most frequent cause of cicatricial alopecia in all studied geographical areas.</jats:p>
      1  1Scopus© Citations 115